Varaha Purana 191.4: Adhyaya 191, Shloka 4

Section on the Origin of Madhuparka and the Procedure for Its Ritual Donation

Devanagari script

कानि द्रव्याणि कस्मै च देयानीति वदस्व मे ॥ इति भूम्या वचः श्रुत्वा देवदेवो जनार्दनः

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 191.4

Transliteration

kāni dravyāṇi kasmai ca deyānīti vadasva me || iti bhūmyā vacaḥ śrutvā deva-devo janārdanaḥ

Translation

Sage mir, welche Dinge zu geben sind und wem sie zu geben sind. Als Janārdana, der Gott der Götter, diese Worte der Bhūmī vernommen hatte, (antwortete er).

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Word by Word

• kāni: which/what (things)?
• kāni: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; प्रश्नवाचक-विशेषण

• dravyāṇi: materials/substances
• dravyāṇi: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dravya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• kasmai: to whom?
• kasmai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction)

• deyāni: to be given
• deyāni: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त-यत्/अनीयर् (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘to be given’

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (quotative particle)

• vadasva: tell (me)
• vadasva: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vad (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• me: to me
• me: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (quotative/closing)

• bhūmyā: by the Earth
• bhūmyā: Karta (कर्ता/agent-instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), एकवचन

• vacaḥ: words/speech
• vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriya (क्रिया/preceding action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव

• deva-devaḥ: God of gods
• deva-devaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (देवानां देवः)

• janārdanaḥ: Janārdana (Viṣṇu)
• janārdanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janārdana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन

Speaker

Narrative frame: Pṛthivī speaks; response signaled for Varāha/Janārdana next

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Ritual Studies
• Vaishnavism
• Purāṇic Dialogue

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It introduces a normative cataloging impulse—materials and eligible recipients—characteristic of Dharmaśāstra-linked ritual instruction embedded within Purāṇic dialogue.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is identified.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

Gifting and hospitality are to be regulated by appropriateness: correct substances and suitable recipients are central to the ethical-ritual framework.