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The Efficacy of the Sacred Forests: The Merit of Pilgrimage to Mathurā’s Twelve Groves
चतुर्थं काम्यकवनं वनानां वनमुत्तमम् ॥ पञ्चमं वै बहुवनं षष्ठं भद्रवनं स्मृतम् ॥
caturthaṃ kāmyakavanaṃ vanānāṃ vanam uttamam || pañcamaṃ vai bahuvanaṃ ṣaṣṭhaṃ bhadravanaṃ smṛtam ||
Der vierte ist Kāmyakavana, ein vortrefflicher Wald unter den Wäldern. Der fünfte ist Bahuvana; der sechste wird als Bhadravana überliefert.
Varāha
Such enumerations function as textual maps, supporting the study of how sacred landscapes were organized and transmitted.
Forest toponyms within the Mathurā/Braj cultural zone: Kāmyakavana, Bahuvana, Bhadravana.
The framing of forests as 'uttama' encourages valuing and safeguarding natural spaces as heritage environments.
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