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Rig Veda 1.52.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 52, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.52

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 1.52 in many Anukramaṇī lists)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

त्यं सु मेषं महया स्वर्विदं शतं यस्य सुभ्वः साकमीरते । अत्यं न वाजं हवनस्यदं रथमेन्द्रं ववृत्यामवसे सुवृक्तिभिः ॥

Transliteration

tyáṃ su meṣáṃ mahayā svarvídaṃ śatáṃ yásya subhvàḥ sākám ī́rate | átyaṃ ná vā́jaṃ havanasyádaṃ rátham índraṃ vavṛtyā́m aváse suvṛ́ktibhiḥ ||

Translation

Jenen, den mächtigen Widder, den Antreiber der Kraft, preise ich — den Finder der lichten Welt; dessen schnellleuchtende Mächte in hundertfachem Drang gemeinsam aufsteigen. Wie ein Ross der Fülle, wie ein Wagen, der dem Ruf bereitsteht, wollen wir Indra zu uns wenden zur Hilfe mit wohlgefügten Sprüchen.

Word by Word
त्यम्that (him)
त्यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुwell, indeed
सु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (निपात/उपसर्ग)
मेfor me / to me
मे:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इषम्refreshment, strength
इषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइष्/इषा (प्रातिपदिक: इष् ‘बल/प्रेरणा/आहार’), RV-प्रयोगे ‘इषम्’
महयाmagnify, make great
महया:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootमह् (धातु) → महयति (कारयति) / महय (प्रातिपदिक-आधारित)
स्वर्विदम्finder/knower of heaven (light)
स्वर्विदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर् + विद् (कृदन्त-समास: ‘स्वरं वेत्ति/विन्दति’)
शतम्a hundred; manifold
शतम्:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootशत (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुभ्वःthe good beings / the good powers
सुभ्वः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसु + भ्व/भू (प्रातिपदिक: सुभ्वन्/सुभ्वा ‘सु-भव/सु-प्रभव’)
साकम्together
साकम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाकम् (अव्यय)
ईरतेthey rise/move, are set in motion
ईरते:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootईर् (धातु: ‘चल/उत्था/प्रेर’)
अत्यम्a steed
अत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअत्य (प्रातिपदिक: ‘अश्व’/‘वेगवान्’)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-निपात)
वाजम्prize, strength, victory
वाजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)
हवनस्यदम्rushing to the invocation; eager for the call
हवनस्यदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहवन + स्यद (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक: ‘हवने स्यन्दते/स्यदति’ ‘हवन-प्रवृत्त’)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
ववृत्यामmay I turn to / choose
ववृत्याम:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु: ‘वर्त/वृ’ ‘turn/choose’) → ववृत्य (परिपूर्ण/इच्छार्थ)
अवसेfor help, for protection
अवसे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (प्रातिपदिक: ‘सहायता/रक्षा’)
सुवृक्तिभिःwith well-made hymns
सुवृक्तिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसु + वृक्ति (प्रातिपदिक: ‘स्तुति/वाक्’), तृतीया बहुवचनम्
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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