Valmiki Ramayana 2.91.81 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 81

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

व्यस्मयन्त मनुष्यास्ते स्वप्नकल्पं तदद्भुतम्।दृष्ट्वाऽतिथ्यं कृतं तादृग्भरतस्य महर्षिणा।।।।

Transliteration

vyasmayanta manuṣyās te svapna-kalpaṃ tad adbhutam |

dṛṣṭvā ’tithyaṃ kṛtaṃ tādṛg bharatasya maharṣiṇā ||

Translation

Jene Männer staunten, als sie die wunderbare Gastfreundschaft sahen, die der große Rishi für Bharata bereitet hatte—so außergewöhnlich, dass sie wie ein Traum erschien.

Word by Word

• व्यस्मयन्त: were amazed
• व्यस्मयन्त: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि√स्मि (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• मनुष्याः: men
• मनुष्याः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ते: those
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• स्वप्नकल्पम्: dream-like
• स्वप्नकल्पम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वप्न-कल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समास: स्वप्न इव कल्पः (like a dream)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; refers to ātithyam

• अद्भुतम्: wonderful
• अद्भुतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; agrees with तत्

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• आतिथ्यम्: hospitality
• आतिथ्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आतिथ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कृतम्: done/provided
• कृतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies ātithyam

• तादृक्: such
• तादृक्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तादृश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; indeclinable-like stem in -ś, here agreeing with ātithyam

• भरतस्य: for/of Bharata
• भरतस्य: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• महर्षिणा: by the great sage
• महर्षिणा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महर्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

Context

The men were amazed when they beheld the wonderful hospitality extended by maharshi Bharadwaja to Bharata, as if all this happened in a dream world.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Bharadvāja (maharṣi)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Atithi-dharma: the righteous duty of honoring and caring for a guest, shown here through the sage’s extraordinary hospitality toward Bharata.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s party witnesses the astonishing hospitality arranged by sage Bharadvāja at his hermitage.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharadvāja’s generosity and dharmic attentiveness to guests; the verse highlights reverence for righteous hosting.