Valmiki Ramayana 2.65.18 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 65, Shloka 18

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चषष्टितमः सर्गः — Daśaratha’s Death Discovered in the Palace

Morning Rites Turn to Lament

Devanagari script

कौसल्याऽनन्तरं राज्ञस्सुमित्रा तदन्तनरम्।न स्म विभ्राजते देवी शोकाश्रुलुलितानना।।।।

Transliteration

kausalyānantaraṃ rājñaḥ sumitrā tadantaram |

na sma vibhrājate devī śokāśrululitānanā ||

Translation

An der Seite des Königs lag Sumitrā, und neben ihr Kauśalyā; jene Königin, deren Antlitz von Tränen der Trauer durchnässt und gesenkt war, strahlte nicht mehr wie einst.

Word by Word

• कौसल्याः: of Kausalya
• कौसल्याः: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अनन्तरम्: immediately next (beside)
• अनन्तरम्: अधिकरण (Adverbial location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग (adverbial accusative), 'immediately next/close by'

• राज्ञः: of the king
• राज्ञः: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सुमित्रा: Sumitra
• सुमित्रा: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तदन्तरम्: next to her/thereafter
• तदन्तरम्: अधिकरण (Adverbial location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्-अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक; तद् + अन्तर)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग; तत्पुरुष-समास (तस्य अन्तरम् = in the interval/next to that); here adverbial 'next to her/thereafter'

• न: not
• न: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निषेध

• स्म: indeed (past particle)
• स्म: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, भूतार्थ-स्मरण-निपात (particle used with past narration/emphasis)

• विभ्राजते: shone
• विभ्राजते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-भ्राज् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; अर्थ: 'shines' (here with न स्म = 'did not shine')

• देवी: the queen/lady
• देवी: कर्ता (Appositional subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सुमित्रायाः विशेषण/उपाधि

• शोकाश्रुलुलितानना: with face drooping/blurred by tears of sorrow
• शोकाश्रुलुलितानना: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक-अश्रु-लुलित-अनना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (शोकेन अश्रुभिः लुलितं आननं यस्याः); विशेषण (देवी)

Context

There lay Sumitra next to Kausalya by the side of the king. Queen Kausalya's face was dull, drooping down on account of shedding tears of sorrow.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Sumitrā
• Kauśalyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse emphasizes relational dharma—family bonds and shared suffering—showing how the collapse of the king’s household order affects those closest to him.

What is the narrative situation?

The scene inside the chamber is clarified: the king lies with the queens nearby, both afflicted by sorrow and exhaustion.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loyalty and attachment within the household—remaining close even as misfortune overwhelms.