Valmiki Ramayana 2.113.4 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 113, Shloka 4

पादुकाप्रदानं भरतस्य निवृत्तिश्च

The Sandals Bestowed; Bharata’s Return Toward Ayodhya

Devanagari script

पश्यन्धातुसहस्राणि रम्याणि विविधानि च।प्रययौ तस्य पार्श्वेन ससैन्यो भरतस्तदा।।।।

Transliteration

paśyan dhātusahasrāṇi ramyāṇi vividhāni ca | prayayau tasya pārśvena sasainyo bharatas tadā ||

Translation

Unzählige schöne und vielfältige Mineralien erblickend, zog Bharata damals, von seinem Heer begleitet, am Berghang entlang weiter.

Word by Word

• पश्यन्: seeing/beholding
• पश्यन्: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent participle)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृश् (धातु) → पश्यत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle, शतृ); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; कर्तृसमनाधिकरण (while seeing)

• धातुसहस्राणि: thousands of minerals
• धातुसहस्राणि: कर्म (Object of seeing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु + सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (धातूनां सहस्राणि)

• रम्याणि: beautiful
• रम्याणि: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; बहुवचन; विशेषण (beautiful)

• विविधानि: various
• विविधानि: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; बहुवचन; विशेषण (various)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)

• प्रययौ: went
• प्रययौ: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + या (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect); प्रथम-पुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तस्य: of that (mountain)
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति; एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पार्श्वेन: by the side
• पार्श्वेन: करण/मार्ग (Instrumental; along/by the side)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd); एकवचन

• ससैन्यः: with (his) army
• ससैन्यः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + सैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (सैन्यं सह यस्य)

• भरतः: Bharata
• भरतः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण (Temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (then)

Context

Thereafter, all of them crossed the divine river Yamuna wreathed in waves and, beheld the Ganga of sacred waters once again.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Citrakūṭa (implied mountain context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadiness of purpose: even amid the allure of prosperity (rich minerals), Bharata continues onward, prioritizing duty over distraction.

What is the narrative situation?

The army marches by the mountain; Bharata observes the landscape’s natural wealth while continuing the journey.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Single-minded duty (kartavya-niṣṭhā)—moving forward without being diverted by material fascination.