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Valmiki Ramayana 2.1.10: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 10

गुणप्रशंसा-युवराजनिर्णयः

Praise of Rama’s Virtues and the Decision on the Heir-Apparent

स तु नित्यं प्रशान्तात्मा मृदुपूर्वं च भाषते ।

उच्यमानोऽपि परुषं नोत्तरं प्रतिपद्यते ॥१०॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.1.10

sa tu nityaṃ praśāntātmā mṛdu-pūrvaṃ ca bhāṣate |

ucyamāno 'pi paruṣaṃ na uttaraṃ pratipadyate ||10||

Stets von ruhigem Geist, sprach er zuerst sanft; selbst wenn man ihn schroff anredete, erwiderte er nicht in gleicher Härte.

सःhe
सः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
तुbut
तु:
सम्बन्ध/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (contrastive particle)
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverbial accusative)
प्रशान्तात्माcalm-minded
प्रशान्तात्मा:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रशान्त-आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समास: प्रशान्तः आत्मा यस्य/प्रशान्त आत्मा (कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-प्रयोग; here as epithet)
मृदुपूर्वम्gently / with softness first
मृदुपूर्वम्:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमृदु-पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
भाषतेspeaks
भाषते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√भाष् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
उच्यमानःbeing addressed
उच्यमानः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (circumstantial)
TypeAdjective
Rootउच्यमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √वच्, कर्मणि शानच्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वर्तमानकृदन्त (present passive participle)
अपिeven though
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (concessive particle)
परुषम्harsh (words)
परुषम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; here as object of speech (harsh words)
नnot
न:
सम्बन्ध/निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
उत्तरम्reply
उत्तरम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
प्रतिपद्यतेutters / gives (a reply)
प्रतिपद्यते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-√पद् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

With an unfailing serenity of mind, Rama never paid back harshness with harshness.

R
Rāma

FAQs

Forbearance and restraint in speech: dharma is upheld by refusing to mirror another’s harshness, preserving truthfulness and dignity in communication.

The narrator describes Rāma’s character, highlighting his consistent gentleness even under provocation.

Śama and kṣānti—inner calm and patience, expressed as non-retaliation in speech.

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