Atharva Veda 5.16.1: Kanda 5, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 16, Mantra 1

Sukta 16

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

वृषरोगशमनम्। यद्ये॑कवृ॒षोऽसि॑ सृ॒जार॒सोऽसि

IAST Transliteration

vṛṣarogaśamanam | yády ékavṛṣó ’si sṛjáraso ’si ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

A charm for the calming of vṛṣa-disease: If thou art the sole Bull, if thou art of flowing sap—

Translation

Beschwörung zur Besänftigung der vṛṣa-Krankheit: Wenn du der einzige Stier bist, wenn du von fließender Rasa (Saft, Lebenssaft) bist—

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Word by Word

• यत्: which/that (relative)
• यत्: सम्बन्ध/विशेषण-भावः (अनुवर्तते ‘एकवृषः’ इत्यस्य) अथवा कर्म-सम्बन्धः (यत् = ‘because/that which’)
• Type: Pronoun/Relative
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा यद्-शब्दः

• एकवृषः: single bull; lone bull (epithet)
• एकवृषः: कर्तृ (असि इत्यस्य कर्ता) / सम्बोधनार्थेऽपि सम्भवः
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: एक (संख्या-विशेषण) + वृष (प्रातिपदिक ‘bull’) → समासः (कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-प्रायः) ‘single-bull’

• असि: you are
• असि: अख्यात (सम्बन्धक-क्रिया) — ‘thou art’
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (असँ) धातुः

• सृजारसः: juice-releasing; producing essence/flow
• सृजारसः: कर्तृ (असि इत्यस्य कर्ता) — पूर्वपदस्य ‘एकवृषः’ इत्यस्य सहविशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective/Noun (epithet)
• Root: सृज् (सृजँ विसर्गे/सर्जने) धातोः कृत-प्रातिपदिक ‘सृज’ + रस (प्रातिपदिक ‘juice/essence’) → समासः (तत्पुरुषः) ‘discharging/producing juice’

• असि: you are
• असि: अख्यात (सम्बन्धक-क्रिया) — ‘thou art’
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (असँ) धातुः

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition

Devata: Remedy/Herb as potent agent (implicit); alternatively the addressed power behind the medicine

Chandas: Not fully determinable from the truncated opening; Atharvanic mixed style

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: shanta