Atharva Veda 19.49.4: Kanda 19, Anuvaka 5, Sukta 49, Mantra 4

Sukta 49

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सिं॒हस्य॒ रात्र्यु॑श॒ती पीं॒षस्य॑ व्या॒घ्रस्य॑ द्वी॒पिनो॒ वर्च॒ आ द॑दे । अश्व॑स्य ब्र॒ध्नं पुरु॑षस्य मा॒युं पु॒रु रू॒पाणि॑ कृणुषे विभा॒ती

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 19.49.4

IAST Transliteration

síṃhasya rā́try uśatī́ pī́ṃṣasya vyā́ghrasya dvīpíno várco ā́ dade | áśvasya bradhnáṃ púruṣasya māyúṃ púru rū́pāṇi kṛṇuṣe vibhātī́ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Night, kindly, takes unto herself the splendor of the lion, of the panther, of the tiger, of the spotted beast. The horse’s tawny brightness, the man’s loud might she takes: manifold forms thou fashionest, shining forth.

Translation

Die holdgesinnte Nacht nimmt den Glanz des Löwen, des Panthers, des Tigers, des gefleckten Tieres an sich. Des Pferdes fahl-goldene Helle, des Mannes laute Kraft nimmt sie an; du, strahlend, schaffst viele Gestalten.

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Word by Word

• सिंहस्य: of the lion
• सिंहस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह (प्रातिपदिक)

• रात्र्युः: of the night
• रात्र्युः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)

• उशती: desiring, eager (night)
• उशती: विशेषण (to रात्र्युः) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उशत् (प्रातिपदिक; √वश्/उश् ‘to desire, be eager’ से वर्तमान कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• पींषस्य: of the pīṃṣa (a fierce creature)
• पींषस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पींष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘a fierce animal/serpent’—वैदिक शब्द)

• व्याघ्रस्य: of the tiger
• व्याघ्रस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• द्वीपिनः: of the leopard (spotted one)
• द्वीपिनः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वीपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्चः: splendour, radiance
• वर्चः: कर्म (object of आ ददे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्चस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, unto (prefix)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• ददे: takes, assumes
• ददे: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (दाने) / वैदिक मध्यमपद-आत्मनेपद ‘to take/receive/put on’

• अश्वस्य: of the horse
• अश्वस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रध्नम्: the tawny (colour/one)
• ब्रध्नम्: कर्म (object, understood with आ ददे)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: ब्रध्न (प्रातिपदिक; ‘tawny, ruddy’)

• पुरुषस्य: of the man/person
• पुरुषस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)

• मायुम्: the cry/roar
• मायुम्: कर्म (object, understood with आ ददे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मायु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cry/roar/voice’—वैदिक)

• पुरु: many
• पुरु: विशेषण (to रूपाणि)
• Type: Indeclinable/Adjective
• Root: पुरु (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक ‘many’)

• रूपाणि: forms, shapes
• रूपाणि: कर्म (object of कृणुषे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृणुषे: you make, you fashion
• कृणुषे: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (करणे) ‘to make’

• विभाती: shines forth, is radiant
• विभाती: क्रिया (अनुषङ्ग/वर्णनात्मक)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भा (दीप्तौ) ‘to shine’ + वि-

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition

Devata: Rātri

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: vira