Rig Veda 9.97.39: Mandala 9, Sukta 97, Mantra 39

Sukta 9.97

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स वर्धिता वर्धनः पूयमानः सोमो मीढ्वाँ अभि नो ज्योतिषावीत् । येना नः पूर्वे पितरः पदज्ञाः स्वर्विदो अभि गा अद्रिमुष्णन् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 9.97.39

Transliteration

sá vardhitā́ várdhanaḥ pū́yamānaḥ sómo mīḍhvā́ṃ abhí no jyótiṣāvīt | yéna naḥ pū́rve pitáraḥ padájñāḥ svàrvido abhí gā́ ádrim uṣṇán ||

Translation

তিনি—বর্ধিত ও বর্ধনকারী—শুদ্ধিমান দাতা সোম, জ্যোতি সহ আমাদের নিকট আগমন করেছেন। যাঁর দ্বারা আমাদের প্রাচীন পিতৃগণ, পথজ্ঞ, স্বর্লোক-বিদ, অদ্রি (শিলা) ভেদ করে রশ্মিরূপ গাভীগণকে জয় করেছিলেন।

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Word by Word

• सः: he (that Soma)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्धितः: grown, increased
• वर्धितः: Kartā (सः इति विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √वृध् (वर्धने) → वर्धित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्धनः: the increaser, promoter
• वर्धनः: Kartā (सः इति विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वर्धन (प्रातिपदिक; √वृध्)

• पूयमानः: being purified (in the filter)
• पूयमानः: Kartā (सः/सोमः इति विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √पू (पूयने/शोधने) → पूयमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• मीढ्वान्: bountiful, showering gifts
• मीढ्वान्: Kartā (सोमः इति विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मीढ्वांस् (प्रातिपदिक; √मिह्/√मिह् ‘to shower’ → ‘showerer, bountiful’)

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ज्योतिषा: with light
• ज्योतिषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आवीत्: has helped/protected; has come to aid
• आवीत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अव् (रक्षणे/अवने) + आ- (उपसर्ग) → आवीत्

• येन: by which
• येन: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पूर्वे: the former (ancient ones)
• पूर्वे: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• पितरः: fathers, ancestors
• पितरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• पदज्ञाः: knowers of the path/track
• पदज्ञाः: Kartā (पितरः इति विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पद-ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; पद ‘track/step’ + √ज्ञा ‘to know’)

• स्वर्विदः: finders of heaven/light
• स्वर्विदः: Kartā (पितरः इति विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्-विद् (प्रातिपदिक; स्वर् ‘heaven/light’ + √विद् ‘to find/know’)

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• गाः: cows
• गाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• अद्रिम्: the stone/rock (pressing-stone; also ‘mountain’)
• अद्रिम्: Karma (उपसर्ग-सम्बद्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्रि (प्रातिपदिक)

• उष्णन्: burning/ardent; (in context) forcefully taking
• उष्णन्: Kartā (पितरः इति सह)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √उष् (उष्णे/दाहे) → उष्णन्त् (कृदन्त; शतृ) / or RV usage ‘snatching away’ in idiom with मुṣ्