Rig Veda 8.23.2: Mandala 8, Sukta 23, Mantra 2
Sukta 8.23
Devata: Agni (primary); allied divine powers as ‘rathas’ (secondary image)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दामानं विश्वचर्षणेऽग्निं विश्वमनो गिरा । उत स्तुषे विष्पर्धसो रथानाम् ॥
Transliteration
dāmā́naṃ viśva-carṣaṇe’gníṃ viśva-máno girā́ | utá stuṣe ví-spardhaso ráthānām ||
Translation
হে বিশ্বচর্ষণে (সকল জনের জন্য), দামান (বণ্টনকারী) অগ্নিকে আমি সেই বাক্যে ঘোষণা করি যা সমগ্র মনকে বহন করে। আর আমি রথগুলিরও স্তব করি—বিষ্পর্ধস্ (প্রতিদ্বন্দ্বী) রথগুলির—সেই দ্রুত শক্তি-রূপগুলি, যা আলোর সংগ্রামে দেবশক্তিকে বহন করে।
Word by Word
दा॒मानम्the host/householder (epithet)
दा॒मानम्:
कर्म (स्तु-क्रियायाः)
TypeNoun
Rootदामन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दामन्’ = बन्ध/गृह/आवास, ‘house/abode’; RV usage often ‘householder/host’ as epithet)
विश्वचर्षणेO (Agni), of all peoples / belonging to all men
विश्वचर्षणे:
सम्बोधन (आह्वान/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootविश्व-चर्षणि (समास; विश्व ‘all’ + चर्षणि ‘men/peoples’)
अग्निम्Agni
अग्निम्:
कर्म (स्तु-क्रियायाः)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वमनोO all-minded / whose mind is for all
विश्वमनो:
सम्बोधन/विशेषण
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootविश्व-मनस् (समास; विश्व ‘all’ + मनस् ‘mind’)
गिराwith (my) hymn/speech
गिरा:
करण (स्तु-करणम्: ‘by/with a hymn’)
TypeNoun
Rootगिर् (स्त्री; ‘speech, hymn’)
उतand, also
उत:
समुच्चय/अन्वय (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
स्तुषेI praise
स्तुषे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√स्तु (स्तुति)
विष्पर्धसःof the rival/contending (one); of rivalry
विष्पर्धसः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी: ‘of’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (collective)
Rootवि-√स्पर्ध् → विष्पर्धस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘rivalry/contest’, RV also ‘rivals/contenders’)
रथानाम्of chariots
रथानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी: ‘of’)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
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