Rig Veda 3.40.4: Mandala 3, Sukta 40, Mantra 4
Sukta 3.40
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify per critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्र सोमाः सुता इमे तव प्र यन्ति सत्पते । क्षयं चन्द्रास इन्दवः ॥
Transliteration
índra sómāḥ sutā́ imé táva prá yanti sat-pate | kṣáyaṃ candrā́sa índavaḥ ||
Translation
হে ইন্দ্র, এই নিংড়ানো সোমরস তোমার দিকে অগ্রসর হয়, হে সত্পতে। এই চন্দ্রদীপ্ত ইন্দু তোমার ক্ষয়—শান্তি ও প্রতিষ্ঠার ধাম—অভিমুখে যায়।
Word by Word
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन (addressed)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमाःSoma-juices
सोमाः:
कर्तृ (of ‘प्र यन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
सुताःpressed, extracted
सुताः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (past passive participle used adjectivally)
Root√सु (सु- ‘to press, extract’) → सुत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
इमेthese
इमे:
कर्तृ-निर्देशक
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तवof/for you
तव:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषण (direction/intensity)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यन्तिgo, proceed
यन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√या (to go)
सत्पतेO lord of the good / true lord
सत्पते:
सम्बोधन (addressed)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootसत् + पति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘true/virtuous’ + ‘lord’)
क्षयम्dwelling, abode
क्षयम्:
कर्म (goal/object of motion: ‘towards the dwelling’)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
चन्द्रासःbright, shining
चन्द्रासः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootचन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bright, shining’)
इन्दवःSoma-drops
इन्दवः:
कर्तृ (elliptically continuing ‘यन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘drop’, esp. Soma-drop)
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