Rig Veda 1.2.9: Mandala 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 9

Sukta 1.2

Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.10; RV 1.2 likewise commonly ascribed within the Vaiśvāmitra circle)

Devata: Mitra-Varuṇa

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; typical for early Mandala 1 hymns)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

कवी नो मित्रावरुणा तुविजाता उरुक्षया । दक्षं दधाते अपसम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.2.9

Transliteration

kavī nó mitrā́váruṇā tuvijā́tā urukṣáyā | dákṣaṃ dadhāte apásam ||

Translation

কবি—সেই দুই মিত্র-বরুণ, তুবিজাত (বহু-জাত/বিস্তৃত-উৎপন্ন) ও উরুক্ষয় (বিশাল আশ্রয়-ধামধারী)—আমাদের মধ্যে অপস্ (কর্ম) সিদ্ধির জন্য দক্ষ (বিবেচনাময় গঠন-শক্তি) স্থাপন করুন।

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Word by Word

• कवी: the two seers/wise ones
• कवी: सम्बोधन/कर्तृ (देवद्वयस्य विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (प्रातिपदिक) < √कु/कव् (कवते/कूयते इति व्युत्पत्तिः, ‘कविः’ = ‘seer/wise poet’)

• नः: of us / our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (possessor/beneficiary)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मित्रावरुणा: Mitra and Varuṇa
• मित्रावरुणा: कर्तृ (दधाते इत्यस्य) / सम्बोधन (स्तुत्यर्थे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र + वरुण (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक; समासः: द्वन्द्व)

• तुविजाता: much-born / of abundant birth (very mighty by birth)
• तुविजाता: विशेषण (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुवि (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ ‘बहु/प्रचुर’) + जात (√जन्, क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘born’) → समास/बहुव्रीहि-विशेषण

• उरुक्षया: having a wide dwelling / wide-abiding
• उरुक्षया: विशेषण (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु (विशाल) + क्षय (√क्षि/क्षय् ‘to dwell/abide; abode’) → समास/बहुव्रीहि-विशेषण

• दक्षम्: skill / power
• दक्षम्: कर्म (दधाते इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘skill, power, ability’)

• दधाते: they two bestow / place
• दधाते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (दधाति) ‘to place, bestow, establish’

• अपसम्: work / sacred deed
• अपसम्: कर्म (दधाते इत्यस्य; ‘work/deed’ as what is set/ordained) / विशेष्य (दक्षम्-सम्बन्धेन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘work, deed, sacred work’)