Rig Veda 8.44.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 44, Mantra 20

Sukta 8.44

Devata: Agni (as Dūta, Svadhāvat, Adabdhasya)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अदब्धस्य स्वधावतो दूतस्य रेभतः सदा । अग्नेः सख्यं वृणीमहे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.44.20

Transliteration

ádabdhasya svadhā́vato dūtásya rébhataḥ sádā | agnéḥ sakhyáṃ vṛṇīmahe ||

Translation

অদব্ধ, স্বধাৱান, সদা ৰেভত দূত—সেই অগ্নিৰ সখ্য আমি সদায় বাছি লওঁ।

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Word by Word

• अदब्धस्य: of the unharmed / unassailable (one)
• अदब्धस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation to ‘दूतस्य/अग्नेः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अदब्ध (प्रातिपदिक; a- + √दभ् ‘to harm/deceive’ → ‘unharmed, unassailable’)

• स्वधावतः: of the one endowed with svadhā (innate/ritual power)
• स्वधावतः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive attribute to ‘दूतस्य/अग्नेः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वधावत् (प्रातिपदिक; स्वधा + -वत् ‘possessing svadhā/innate power/ritual potency’)

• दूतस्य: of the messenger
• दूतस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive; qualifies the following praise/relationship)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूत (प्रातिपदिक ‘messenger’)

• रेभतः: of the praiseworthy/praising one
• रेभतः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive attribute to ‘दूतस्य/अग्नेः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रेभत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘praising, praiseworthy; singer/poet’)

• सदा: always
• सदा: कालाधिकरण (temporal adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय ‘always’)

• अग्नेः: of Agni
• अग्नेः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive; governs ‘सख्यम्’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक ‘Agni, fire’)

• सख्यम्: friendship
• सख्यम्: कर्म (object of ‘वृणीमहे’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सख्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘friendship, companionship’)

• वृणीमहे: we choose / we seek
• वृणीमहे: क्रिया (with implied कर्ता ‘वयम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृ (वृणोति/वृणीते ‘to choose, to select’)