Rig Veda 7.49.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 49, Mantra 1
Sukta 7.49
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Āpaḥ (Waters)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
समुद्रज्येष्ठाः सलिलस्य मध्यात्पुनाना यन्त्यनिविशमानाः । इन्द्रो या वज्री वृषभो रराद ता आपो देवीरिह मामवन्तु ॥
Transliteration
samudrá-jyeṣṭhāḥ salilásya mádhyāt punānā́ yánty aní-viśamānāḥ | índro yā́ vajrī́ vṛṣabhó rarā́da tā́ ā́po devī́r ihá mām avantu ||
Translation
সমুদ্ৰত জ্যেষ্ঠা, জলৰ মাজৰ পৰা—পবিত্ৰ হৈ—কোনো স্থিৰ বাসস্থানত নথকাকৈ আগবাঢ়ে। যি আপঃক ইন্দ্ৰ, বজ্ৰধাৰী বৃষভ, গুঞ্জৰিত/প্ৰতিধ্বনিত কৰিছে—সেই দেৱী আপঃ ইয়াত মোক ৰক্ষা কৰক।
Word by Word
समुद्र(in/connected with) the ocean
समुद्र:
Adhikaraṇa (संबन्ध/आधार-निर्देशः) — ‘समुद्रे’ इत्यर्थे वैदिक-प्रयोगः
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) < सम्-उद्-√दृ/द्रु (निघण्टु-व्युत्पत्त्यनुसारं) स्थिर-प्रातिपदिक
ज्येष्ठाःeldest, most eminent
ज्येष्ठाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — आपः (देवीः) इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) < ज्यायस्/ज्येष्ठ (श्रेष्ठ/वरिष्ठ)
सलिलस्यof the waters, of the flood
सलिलस्य:
Sambandha (षष्ठी) — ‘of the water/flood’
TypeNoun
Rootसलिल (प्रातिपदिक)
मध्यात्from the midst
मध्यात्:
Apādāna — ‘from the middle’
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
पुनानाःpurifying themselves / being purified
पुनानाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — आपः इत्यस्य
TypeParticiple (Adjective-like)
Root√पू (पूञ् पवने/शोधने) → पुनान (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
यन्तिthey go, they flow
यन्ति:
Kriyā (कर्तृ-क्रिया) — आपः गच्छन्ति
TypeVerb
Root√या (या गतौ)
अनिविशमानाःnot settling/halting (ever-moving)
अनिविशमानाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — आपः इत्यस्य
TypeParticiple (Adjective-like)
Rootअन्- + नि-√विश् (विश् प्रवेशने/निवेशने) → निविशमान (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā (अग्राम्य-कर्तृ) — ‘इन्द्रः … रराद’
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
याःwhich, those (f.)
याः:
Kartā/Pratiyogin (सम्बन्ध-निर्देशः) — ‘those (waters) which…’
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वज्रीthe wielder of the thunderbolt
वज्री:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — इन्द्रस्य
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक) < वज्र + इन्
वृषभःbull (mighty one)
वृषभः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — इन्द्रस्य
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
ररादhas bestowed, granted
रराद:
Kriyā — ‘granted/bestowed’
TypeVerb
Root√रा/√रद् (वैदिकः: दाने/प्रदान-भावे ‘to grant/bestow’) → रराद (परिपूर्ण-रूप)
ताःthose (f.)
ताः:
Kartā (अन्वय-ग्रहणम्) — ‘those (waters)’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आपःthe waters
आपः:
Kartā — ‘the waters’
TypeNoun
Rootआप्/आपस् (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक-बहुवचन-प्रयोगः)
देवीःgoddesses, divine
देवीः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — आपः
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक) < देव + ई
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa (देश) — ‘here’
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
माम्me
माम्:
Karma — ‘me’ (object of अवन्तु)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अवन्तुmay they protect/help
अवन्तु:
Kriyā — ‘may they protect’
TypeVerb
Root√अव् (अव रक्षणे/पालने)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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