Valmiki Ramayana 2.72.2: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 2

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

Setting: Ayodhyā palace (queen’s chamber/assembly)Places named: AyodhyāBharata’s return from being sent away (proṣita)

Devanagari script

अनुप्राप्तं तु तं दृष्ट्वा कैकेयी प्रोषितं सुतम् ।

उत्पपात तदा हृष्टा त्यक्त्वा सौवर्णमासनम् ॥२॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.72.2

Transliteration

anuprāptaṃ tu taṃ dṛṣṭvā kaikeyī proṣitaṃ sutam |

utpapāta tadā hṛṣṭā tyaktvā sauvarṇam āsanam ||2||

Translation

দূৰলৈ পঠোৱা আৰু এতিয়া উভতি অহা নিজৰ পুত্ৰক দেখি কৈকেয়ী হৃষ্টচিত্তে সোণালী আসন ত্যাগ কৰি তৎক্ষণাৎ উঠি দাঁড়াল।

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Word by Word

• anuprāptam: arrived, having come
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anu-prāp (धातु) > anuprāpta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kta (क्त) past passive participle; Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; agreeing with "sutam"
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• tu: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/conjunction (निपात), adversative/emphatic
• Role: Sambandha/Discourse particle (निपात)

• tam: him/that (one)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा); indeclinable verbal form; prior action
• Role: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)

• kaikeyī: Kaikeyi
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)

• proṣitam: sent away/absent
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-vas (धातु) > proṣita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kta (क्त) past passive participle; Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; agreeing with "sutam"; sense: 'gone away/absent (for a time)'
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• sutam: son
• Type: Noun
• Root: suta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• utpapāta: sprang up
• Type: Verb
• Root: ut-pat (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्) Aorist; 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया)

• tadā: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)
• Role: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)

• hṛṣṭā: delighted
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kta (क्त) PPP used adjectivally; Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; agreeing with "kaikeyī"
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)

• tyaktvā: having left
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा); indeclinable verbal form; prior action
• Role: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)

• sauvarṇam: golden
• Type: Adjective
• Root: suvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying "āsanam"
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• āsanam: seat
• Type: Noun
• Root: āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

Sandhi Notes

• anuprāptaṃ tu: anusvāra before dental
• taṃ dṛṣṭvā: sandhi of final -m with following d-
• sauvarṇam āsanam: external sandhi not applied in given text

Context

On seeing her son, who was sent away, presently arriving, the delighted Kaikeyi sprang up from her golden seat.

The teaching

Joy based on partial knowledge can invert instantly when truth arrives.

Ethical theme

Pramāda (heedlessness) and the instability of courtly fortune

For your practice

Mindfulness: suspend reactions until facts are known; cultivate equanimity.

Mood and themes

Rasa

Adbhuta (wonder), with Shringara (love)

Mood

Bright, expectant, sudden

Themes

• Itihasa
• Maryada
• Ethics
• Dharma

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Kaikeyī
• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse sets up a moral contrast: outward joy can be ethically ambiguous when it ignores the deeper duties of truth and compassion that the situation soon demands.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata has returned from absence; Kaikeyī sees him arrive and rises quickly from her seat.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Promptness and emotional expressiveness are shown, though the narrative soon tests whether they align with satya (truthfulness) and dharma.