Varaha Purana 83.2: Adhyaya 83, Shloka 2

Description of the Bhadrāśva and Ketumāla Regions: Niṣadha’s Western Janapadas and River Systems

Devanagari script

निसर्ग एष भद्राश्वानां कीर्तितः केतुमालानां विस्तरेण कथितम्।

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 83.2

Transliteration

nisarga eṣa bhadrāśvānāṁ kīrtitaḥ ketumālānāṁ vistareṇa kathitam

Translation

Sự sắp đặt tự nhiên (theo vùng miền) của Bhadrāśva đã được nêu; còn Ketumāla đã được thuật lại một cách chi tiết.

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Word by Word

• nisargaḥ: creation / natural arrangement
• nisargaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nisarga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• eṣaḥ: this
• eṣaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally

• bhadrāśvānām: of the Bhadrāśvas
• bhadrāśvānām: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhadrāśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kīrtitaḥ: has been described
• kīrtitaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया; कर्मणि-प्रयोग)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kīrtita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √kīrt कीर्तने)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृत्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); passive sense ‘has been described’

• ketumālānām: of the Ketumālās
• ketumālānām: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ketumāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vistareṇa: in detail
• vistareṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vistara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially (क्रियाविशेषणवत्) = ‘in detail’

• kathitam: has been narrated
• kathitam: Kriyā (क्रिया; कर्मणि-प्रयोग)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kathita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √kath कथने)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृत्), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन); impersonal passive ‘it has been told’

Speaker

Rudra

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Cosmography
• Ancient Geography

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It signals an editorial/narrative transition, indicating how Purāṇic cosmography is organized into region-by-region accounts.

Which geographic location is identified?

Bhadrāśva and Ketumāla are cosmographic regions (often treated as divisions within the Purāṇic world-system), not directly mappable to a single modern location.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

No direct ethical instruction; the verse is primarily classificatory and organizational.