Rig Veda 3.8.7: Mandala 3, Sukta 8, Mantra 7

Sukta 3.8

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 3.8)

Devata: Vanaspati / ritual implements as carriers of divine efficacy (instrumental devatā-sense)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like cadence is possible here; exact meter needs verification against pada count and accentual scansion

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ये वृक्णासो अधि क्षमि निमितासो यतस्रुचः । ते नो व्यन्तु वार्यं देवत्रा क्षेत्रसाधसः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.8.7

Transliteration

yé vṛkṇā́so ádhi kṣámi nímitāso yatásrucaḥ | té no vyantu vā́ryaṃ devatrā́ kṣetrasā́dhasaḥ ||

Translation

Những gì đã bị chặt và đặt trên mặt đất, những kẻ cầm muôi (sruc) trong sự điều ngự đúng đắn—nguyện họ, theo con đường hướng thần, giành cho chúng tôi sự sung mãn tuyển chọn nhất; họ là những người làm thành cánh đồng (kṣetra), nền đất được sắp đặt của các công việc.

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• वृक्णासः: cut off / hewn (down)
• वृक्णासः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (participle)
• Root: वृक्ण (PPP of √व्रश्/√वृश् ‘to cut, hew’)

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अधि

• क्षमि: on the earth / on the ground
• क्षमि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षम् (स्त्री. ‘earth, ground’)

• निमितासः: measured out, laid out, fixed
• निमितासः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (participle)
• Root: नि-√मा (to measure out, set, fix) → निमित (PPP)

• यतस्रुचः: having extended ladles / with outstretched ladles
• यतस्रुचः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: यत-स्रुच् (compound: यत ‘stretched/extended’ + स्रुच् ‘ladle’)

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• व्यन्तु: let them waft/bring (to us)
• व्यन्तु: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√अन् (to breathe, blow; to waft) / Vedic: ‘to pervade, bring’

• वार्यम्: the desirable (boon/wealth)
• वार्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वार्य (from वरी/√वृ ‘to choose’ → ‘choice, desirable’; also ‘water/wealth’ in Vedic usage)

• देवत्रा: among/with the gods; in a divine way
• देवत्रा: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable (adverb)
• Root: देवत्रा

• क्षेत्रसाधसः: field-accomplishers; those who make the field succeed/prosper
• क्षेत्रसाधसः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: क्षेत्र-साधस् (tatpuruṣa: क्षेत्र ‘field’ + साधस् ‘accomplishing, effecting’)