Rig Veda 3.57.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 57, Mantra 5

Sukta 3.57

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify metrically)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

या ते जिह्वा मधुमती सुमेधा अग्ने देवेषूच्यत उरूची । तयेह विश्वाँ अवसे यजत्राना सादय पायया चा मधूनि ॥

Transliteration

yā́ te jihvā́ mádhumatī sumedhā́ agne devéṣūcyáte urūcī́ | táyehá víśvā́n ávase yájatrān ā́ sādaya pāyayā́ cā́ madhū́ni ||

Translation

Lưỡi của ngươi—đầy mật ngọt (madhu) và trí tuệ sáng suốt (sumedhā)—hỡi Agni, giữa các thần được xưng tụng là rực chiếu rộng xa (urūcī). Với lưỡi ấy, ngay tại đây hãy cho mọi quyền năng đáng tôn thờ (yajatra) ngồi xuống để hộ trì chúng ta, và khiến họ uống các vị ngọt (madhūni).

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Word by Word

• या: which (she)
• या: Kartā (of ‘उच्यते’)
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ते: of you / your
• ते: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• जिह्वा: tongue
• जिह्वा: Kartā (apposition to ‘या’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिह्वा (prātipadika)

• मधुमती: honeyed, sweet
• मधुमती: Viśeṣaṇa (of ‘जिह्वा’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मधुमत् (prātipadika)

• सुमेधा: of good wisdom / good intelligence
• सुमेधा: Viśeṣaṇa (of ‘जिह्वा’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुमेधा (prātipadika)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• देवेषु: among the gods
• देवेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• उच्यते: is spoken/called
• उच्यते: Kriyā (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु) → उच्यते (passive)

• उरूची: wide-shining / far-reaching in radiance
• उरूची: Viśeṣaṇa (of ‘जिह्वा’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु + अञ्च्/अच् (as prātipadika ‘उरूची’)

• तया: with that (tongue)
• तया: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikaraṇa (deictic place)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (avyaya)

• विश्वान्: all (of them)
• विश्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (prātipadika)

• अवसे: for help, for aid
• अवसे: Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (prātipadika)

• यजत्रान्: the worshipful ones
• यजत्रान्: Karma (in apposition to ‘विश्वान्’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: यजत्र (prātipadika)

• आ: towards, hither
• आ: (with verb) directional modifier
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (upasarga/avyaya)

• सादय: seat, cause to sit (bring to rest)
• सादय: Kriyā (imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद् (धातु) causative: सादयति

• पायया: make (them) drink, give to drink
• पायया: Kriyā (imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु) causative: पाययति

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (avyaya)

• मधूनि: sweet drinks / honeys
• मधूनि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (prātipadika)