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Rig Veda 3.3.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 3, Mantra 1

Sukta 3.3

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for Maṇḍala 3)
Devata: Agni Vaiśvānara
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 3.3)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वैश्वानराय पृथुपाजसे विपो रत्ना विधन्त धरुणेषु गातवे । अग्निर्हि देवाँ अमृतो दुवस्यत्यथा धर्माणि सनता न दूदुषत् ॥

Transliteration

vaiśvānará̄ya pṛthu-pā́jase vípo rátnā vidhanta dharuṇéṣu ca gā́tave | agnír hí devā́n amṛ́to duvasyáty áthā dhármāṇi sanatā́ ná dū́duṣat ||

Translation

Vì Vaiśvānara rạng quang rộng lớn, các vipra (hiền triết linh cảm) sắp đặt các bảo vật và dựng nên những nền tảng vững bền cho bước đi của chúng tôi. Bởi Agni là bất tử, thật sự phụng sự các thần; do vậy các pháp (dharma) vĩnh cửu của Chân lý không suy giảm, cũng không rối loạn.

Word by Word
वैश्वानरायto Vaiśvānara (Agni)
वैश्वानराय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्वानर (प्रातिपदिक; अग्नि-विशेष)
पृथुपाजसेto the broad-radiant (one)
पृथुपाजसे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootपृथुपाजस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘broad/strong-radiant’)
विपःthe seers/poets
विपः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootविप्/विप्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sage/poet’)
रत्नानिtreasures, gifts
रत्नानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
विधन्तthey bestow/arrange
विधन्त:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (दधाति) उपसर्ग: वि-; रूपम्: विधन्त
धरुणेषुin the supports/foundations
धरुणेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootधरुण (प्रातिपदिक; ‘support, foundation, firm place’)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
गातवेto go/advance (or: to sing)
गातवे:
प्रयोजन (उद्देश्य) / सम्प्रदान-भाव
TypeKṛdanta (infinitive)
Root√गा (गायति/गाति) → गातु (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक ‘going/singing’); दत्तिविभक्ति
अग्निःAgni
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
हिfor/indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अमृतःimmortal
अमृतः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
दुवस्यतिhe serves/honors
दुवस्यति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√दुवस्/√द्वस् (वेद. ‘to honor, serve, worship’) → दुवस्यति
अथाthen/thus
अथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथा
धर्माणिordinances, established rites/laws
धर्माणि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
सनताfrom ancient times
सनता:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसनत् (अव्यय/निपात; ‘from of old, eternally’)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
दूदुषत्he did not impair/spoil
दूदुषत्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√दुष् (to spoil, harm) → दूदुषत् (वेद. reduplicated aorist/परफेक्ट-प्राय injunctive)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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