Rig Veda 10.77.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 77, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.77

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र ये दिवः पृथिव्या न बर्हणा त्मना रिरिच्रे अभ्रान्न सूर्यः । पाजस्वन्तो न वीराः पनस्यवो रिशादसो न मर्या अभिद्यवः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.77.3

Transliteration

prá ye diváḥ pṛthivyā́ ná barháṇā tmánā riricré abhrā́n ná sū́ryaḥ | pā́jasvanto ná vīrā́ḥ panasyávo riśā́daso ná maryā́ abhí-dyavaḥ ||

Translation

Họ trào dâng từ trời và đất như dòng phồng lên; bằng chính tự thể mà nở rộng, như mặt trời hiện ra khỏi mây. Rực sáng như các dũng sĩ, khao khát phần thưởng của sự viên mãn; như những chiến binh trẻ nuốt chửng mọi chống đối, họ thúc tiến về phía ánh sáng.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• दिवः: of heaven, from the sky
• दिवः: Apādāna (source, ‘from/of heaven’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ/दिव् (prātipadika: दिव्/द्यौः)

• पृथिव्याः: of the earth
• पृथिव्याः: Apādāna (source, ‘from/of earth’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (prātipadika)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• बर्हणाः: the great ones, the strong/lofty ones
• बर्हणाः: Kartā (in apposition to ‘ये’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: बर्हण (prātipadika; from √बृंह्/√बर्ह् ‘to make great, strengthen’)

• त्मना: by themselves, by their own power
• त्मना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्मन् (prātipadika)

• रिरिच्रे: have left behind / have become free (of)
• रिरिच्रे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रिच् (riñc) ‘to empty out; to leave; to be free from’

• अभ्रान्: clouds
• अभ्रान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभ्र (prātipadika)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• सूर्यः: the Sun
• सूर्यः: Kartā (of implied comparison: ‘as the sun [does]’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (prātipadika)

• पाजस्वन्तः: possessing might/brilliance
• पाजस्वन्तः: Kartā (in apposition to ‘ये’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाजस् (prātipadika ‘strength, might, brilliance’) + -वत्

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• वीराः: heroes, warriors
• वीराः: Kartā (apposition) / upamāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (prātipadika)

• पनस्यवः: eager, desirous (of gain/praise)
• पनस्यवः: Kartā (apposition) / hetu-like qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पनस्यु (prātipadika; desiderative/possessive formation from √पन्/पण् ‘to admire, praise; to bargain’ → ‘seeking/liking’)

• रिशादसः: devourers of harm; destroyers of foes
• रिशादसः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: रिशादस् (prātipadika; ‘harm-eater/devourer’: रिशा ‘injury’ + अदस् from √अद् ‘to eat’)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• मर्याः: young men, champions
• मर्याः: Kartā (apposition) / upamāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्य (prātipadika)

• अभिद्यवः: shining forth; assailing/attacking
• अभिद्यवः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभिद्यु (prātipadika; from अभि- + √द्युत्/√द्यु ‘to shine, be bright’ → ‘shining forth/assailing’)