Rig Veda 1.191.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 191, Mantra 2
Sukta 1.191
Devata: Protective/healing force personified as a feminine striker (functional devatā of the charm)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अदृष्टान्हन्त्यायत्यथो हन्ति परायती । अथो अवघ्नती हन्त्यथो पिनष्टि पिंषती ॥
Transliteration
adṛ́ṣṭān hánty āyátī átho hánti parāyátī | átho ava-ghnatī hánty átho pinaṣṭi piṃṣatī́ ||
Translation
Những kẻ vô hình ấy, nàng đánh khi đến, và cũng đánh khi đi xa; nàng đánh khi giáng xuống, và nghiền nát khi xay giã—nhờ vậy, sự tai ương bị bẻ gãy trong mọi chuyển động.
Word by Word
अदृष्टान्the unseen (ones)
अदृष्टान्:
कर्म (object of हन्ति)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअदृष्ट (a-dṛṣṭa) < √दृश् (dṛś) ‘to see’
हन्तिkills/strikes
हन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (han) ‘to strike/kill’
आयतिcomes/approaches
आयति:
क्रिया (relative/qualifying action: ‘as/when it comes’)
TypeVerb
Root√या (yā) ‘to go/come’ + आ-
अथोand also / moreover
अथो:
सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (discourse connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ + उ
हन्तिkills/strikes
हन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (han)
परायतिgoes away/withdraws
परायति:
क्रिया (relative/qualifying action: ‘as/when it goes away’)
TypeVerb
Root√या (yā) ‘to go’ + परा-
अथोand also
अथो:
सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ + उ
अवघ्नतीthe smiting one / the striker-down
अवघ्नती:
कर्तृ (subject of हन्ति)
TypeNoun/Adjective (agent noun used as subject)
Rootअवघ्नती (f.) < अव- + √हन् (han) ‘to strike down’
हन्तिkills/strikes
हन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (han)
अथोand also
अथो:
सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ + उ
पिनष्टिcrushes
पिनष्टि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पिष् (piṣ) ‘to crush, pound’
पिंषतीthe crusher / the crushing one
पिंषती:
कर्तृ (appositional subject: ‘the crushing one’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (agent noun used as subject)
Rootपिंषती (f.) < √पिष् (piṣ) ‘to crush’
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