Rig Veda 1.183.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 183, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.183

Devata: Aśvinau (Nāsatyā)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ तिष्ठतं सुवृतं यो रथो वामनु व्रतानि वर्तते हविष्मान् । येन नरा नासत्येषयध्यै वर्तिर्याथस्तनयाय त्मने च ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.183.3

Transliteration

ā́ tiṣṭhatam suvṛ́taṃ yó rátho vām ánu vratā́ni vártate havíṣmān | yéna narā nāsatyéṣayadhyai vártír yā́thas tanáyāya tmáne ca ||

Translation

Hãy lên cỗ xe được dẫn dắt khéo lành—cỗ xe vận hành theo các lời thệ nguyện (vratá) của các ngài, đầy tràn sức lực của lễ phẩm (havis). Nhờ đó, hỡi các dũng sĩ, hỡi Nāsatyā, các ngài đi để đánh thức sức thúc đẩy; và đem đến con đường vòng chuyển cho đứa con của hữu thể và cho tự ngã nội tại (ātman).

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Word by Word

• आ: hither; forth
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga) / ā (nipāta)

• ति॑ष्ठतम्: stand; mount; take your place (you two)
• ति॑ष्ठतम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (√स्थाः)

• सु॒वृतम्: well-turned / well-made
• सु॒वृतम्: Karma (qualifier of the object ‘ratha’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-वृत (prātipadika; su + vṛta)

• यः: which; who
• यः: Kartā (of ‘वर्तते’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• रथः: chariot
• रथः: Kartā (apposition to ‘यः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (prātipadika)

• वा: or; indeed
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (nipāta)

• अमनु: not after Manu; not in human fashion
• अमनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अ-मनु (avyaya; privative a- + manu)

• व्र॒तानि: ordinances; sacred rules
• व्र॒तानि: Karma (object with ‘वर्तते’ in sense ‘follows/observes’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (prātipadika)

• वर्तते: moves; proceeds; follows
• वर्तते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (√वृत् ‘to turn, proceed, behave’)

• हविष्मान्: bearing oblation; having offering
• हविष्मान्: Kartā (epithet of ‘रथः/यः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हविष्मन्त् (prātipadika from हविस्)

• येन: by which
• येन: Karaṇa (means: ‘by which’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• नरा: O you two men (Aśvins)
• नरा: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (prātipadika)

• नासत्य: O Nāsatyas (Aśvins)
• नासत्य: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नासत्य (prātipadika)

• ईषयध्यै: to hasten; to speed
• ईषयध्यै: Prayojana (purpose) / Kriyārtha
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईष् (√ईष् ‘to hasten, impel’)

• वर्तिः: course; track; path
• वर्तिः: Kartā (of ‘याथः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ति (prātipadika)

• याथः: you two go
• याथः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (√या ‘to go’)

• तनयाय: for the offspring; for the child
• तनयाय: Sampradāna (beneficiary)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनय (prātipadika)

• त्मने: for oneself; for the person
• त्मने: Sampradāna (beneficiary)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्मन् (prātipadika; Vedic for ‘self’)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (nipāta)