Valmiki Ramayana 2.91.82: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 82

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

इत्येवं रममाणानां देवानामिव नन्दने।भरद्वाजाश्रमे रम्ये सा रात्रिर्व्यत्यवर्तत।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.91.82

Transliteration

ity evaṃ ramamāṇānāṃ devānām iva nandane |

bharadvājāśrame ramye sā rātrir vyatyavartata ||

Translation

Thế rồi, khi mọi người vui hưởng trong đạo tràng thanh nhã của Bharadvāja—tựa chư thiên vui chơi nơi vườn Nandana của Indra—đêm ấy lặng lẽ trôi qua.

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Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), quotative particle (इति-प्रयोगः)

• evam: in this manner
• evam: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• ramamāṇānām: of those enjoying/sporting
• ramamāṇānām: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ram (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ) → ramamāṇa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Present participle (वर्तमानकृदन्त, शतृ), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं) agreeing with implied group

• devānām: of the gods
• devānām: Upamāna-sambandha (उपमान-सम्बन्ध, with iva)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• iva: like
• iva: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle of comparison (उपमा-वाचक)

• nandane: in Nandana (Indra's garden)
• nandane: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nandana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• bharadvāja-āśrame: in Bharadvaja's hermitage
• bharadvāja-āśrame: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharadvāja (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: bharadvājasya āśramaḥ); Neuter (नपुंसक), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ramye: lovely
• ramye: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसक), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with āśrame

• sā: that
• sā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• rātriḥ: night
• rātriḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• vyatyavartata: passed away/elapsed
• vyatyavartata: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-ati-√vṛt (धातु: वृत्)
• Form: Verb (तिङन्त); Lakāra: Laṅ (लङ्, imperfect/past), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

Context

As they were enjoying themselves in Bharadwaja's hermitage like the gods in the garden of Indra the night wore off.

Characters & Entities

• Bharadvāja
• Nandana (Indra’s garden)
• Devas (gods)
• Indra (implied by Nandana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma expressed as harmonious living and respectful enjoyment without harm—hospitality creates a space where order, restraint, and well-being are upheld.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s group spends the night joyfully at Bharadvāja’s hermitage after being hosted.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The sage’s capacity to provide peace and comfort in a dharmic setting; the guests’ receptivity to that ordered hospitality.