Valmiki Ramayana 2.19.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 19, Shloka 4

एकोनविंशः सर्गः (Sarga 19): Rāma’s Unshaken Acceptance of Exile and Kaikeyī’s Urgency

Devanagari script

मन्युर्न च त्वया कार्यो देवि ब्रूमि तवाग्रतः।यास्यामि भव सुप्रीता वनं चीरजटाधरः।।2.19.4।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.19.4

Transliteration

manyur na ca tvayā kāryo devi brūmi tavāgrataḥ | yāsyāmi bhava suprītā vanaṃ cīra-jaṭā-dharaḥ || 2.19.4 ||

Translation

“Ô Devi, xin Người chớ khởi giận hay sầu não. Con xin thưa trước mặt Người: con sẽ vào rừng, mặc áo vỏ cây, để tóc bện rối. Xin Người an lòng.”

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Word by Word

• मन्युः: anger
• मन्युः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manyu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negative particle

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuzmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Tṛtīyā, Eka-vacana

• कार्यः: to be done; should be done
• कार्यः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana; predicate adjective with implied ‘asti’; ‘to be done/should be done’

• देवि: O lady
• देवि: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Sambodhana, Eka-vacana

• ब्रूमि: I say
• ब्रूमि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Parasmaipada, Uttama-puruṣa, Eka-vacana

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuzmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Ṣaṣṭhī, Eka-vacana

• अग्रतः: in front (of)
• अग्रतः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: agratas (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (स्थानवाचक अव्यय)

• यास्यामि: I shall go
• यास्यामि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (धातु)
• Form: Luṭ-lakāra (periphrastic future), Parasmaipada, Uttama-puruṣa, Eka-vacana

• भव: be
• भव: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (imperative), Parasmaipada, Madhyama-puruṣa, Eka-vacana

• सुप्रीता: well-pleased; satisfied
• सुप्रीता: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su-prīta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya; Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana; predicate adjective addressing देवी (understood)

• वनम्: to the forest
• वनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Eka-vacana

• चीरजटाधरः: wearing bark-cloth and matted hair
• चीरजटाधरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: cīra + jaṭā + dhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound ‘wearing bark-garments and matted locks’; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Eka-vacana; adjective of अहम् (understood)

Context

O Devi! you should not grieve. I declare in your presence that I shall go to the forest wearing tattered clothes (bark) and matted locks. Rejoice (to hear this).

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kauśalyā
• forest (vana)
• bark-cloth (cīra)
• matted locks (jaṭā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma and satya are upheld through willing acceptance of hardship for a righteous commitment; Rāma prioritizes duty over comfort.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma speaks to his mother, preparing her to accept his imminent departure to the forest and the ascetic signs he will adopt.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truthfulness and composure: Rāma reassures his mother while firmly committing to the path of duty.