Varaha Purana 64.4: Adhyaya 64, Shloka 4

Procedure for the Vow that Cultivates Valor

Durgā Navamī Observance

Pūrva Bhāga · Vrata-vidhi (Vows and Observances)

Devanagari script

एवं संवत्सरं यावदुपोष्येति विधानतः । व्रतान्ते भोजयेद्धीमान् यथाशक्त्या कुमारिकाः ॥ ६४.४ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 64.4

Transliteration

evaṃ saṃvatsaraṃ yāvad upoṣyeti vidhānataḥ | vratānte bhojayed dhīmān yathāśaktyā kumārikāḥ || 64.4 ||

ITRANS transliteration

Translation

ఇలా విధానప్రకారం ఒక సంవత్సరం వరకు ఉపవాస వ్రతాన్ని ఆచరించి, వ్రతాంతంలో బుద్ధిమంతుడు తన శక్తి మేరకు కుమారికలకు భోజనం పెట్టాలి.

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Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb of manner)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)

• संवत्सरम्: for a year
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; कालावधि-निर्देशे (duration)
• Role: Karma (कर्म)
• Root: संवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)

• यावत्: as long as / up to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: अवधि-अव्यय (until/as long as)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Root: यावत् (अव्यय)

• उपोष्य: having fasted
• Type: Verb
• Form: ल्यप्/क्त्वा-समकक्ष अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund): ‘उपोष्य’ = उपवासं कृत्वा/उपवस्य
• Role: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Root: उपवस् (धातु)

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्ति-सूचक अव्यय (quotative particle)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Root: इति (अव्यय)

• विधानतः: according to the prescribed rule
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb): ‘विधानतः’ = विधानेन/विधानानुसारम्
• Role: Hetu (हेतु)
• Root: विधान (प्रातिपदिक)

• व्रतान्ते: at the end of the vow
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: व्रतस्य अन्तः
• Role: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Root: व्रतान्त (प्रातिपदिक)

• भोजयेत्: should feed
• Type: Verb
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधि), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिचर्थ-प्रयोग (to cause to eat)
• Role: Vidhi (विधेय/क्रिया)
• Root: भुज् (धातु)

• धीमान्: the wise person
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; कर्तृपद (the wise one)
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)
• Root: धीमत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यथाशक्त्या: according to one’s ability
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; समस्तपदम् अव्ययवत्; अर्थः ‘शक्त्यानुसारम्’; अन्ते तृतीया-एकवचन-रूपम् (शक्ति-शब्दस्य)
• Role: Karana (करण)
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + शक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)

• कुमारिकाः: young girls/maidens
• Type: Noun
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन
• Role: Karma (कर्म)
• Root: कुमारिका (प्रातिपदिक)

Sandhi Notes

• यावत् + उपोष्य → यावदुपोष्य (द्-आदेशः)
• भोजयेत् + धीमान् → भोजयेद्धीमान् (त्→द्, संधि)

Speaker and setting

Shanta and Karuna rasa

Speaker

Varāha

The teaching

Kind of teaching

Dharma (vrata as self-regulation)

Subjects

EthicsRitual PracticeSocial Conduct

Core idea

Vrata is not only abstinence (upavāsa) but also positive dharma—nourishing others at the end.

In practice

Plan observances with a feasible capacity for concluding dāna/bhojana; align austerity with compassion.

Dharma

Vrata

Cross references

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Dharma
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Ritual Studies

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a Purāṇic pattern in which personal austerity (upavāsa/vrata) is ritually completed through a socially oriented act—feeding others—indicating the integration of ascetic discipline with household ethics in medieval Sanskrit dharma literature.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific place-name appears in this verse; it is a general procedural instruction for concluding a vow.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse emphasizes that disciplined observance should culminate in compassionate giving: one should provide food to others—here specified as kumārikās—within one’s means (yathāśaktyā), underscoring proportional responsibility rather than excess.