Rig Veda 10.60.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 60, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.60
Rishi: Agastya (traditional attribution for RV 10.60 in many recensions/indices; hymn contains Agastya-reference in v.6)
Devata: Indra (dominant; explicit vocative in 10.60.5; earlier verses praise the surpassing warrior-power)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for 10.60.3; needs padic metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो जनान्महिषाँ इवातितस्थौ पवीरवान् । उतापवीरवान्युधा ॥
Transliteration
yó jánān mahiṣā́m ivātitasthaú pavī́ravān | utā́pavīravān yudhā́ ||
Translation
మహిషంలా జనుల సాధారణ పరిమితులను అతిక్రమించి నిలిచివుండేవాడు—రక్షక సమృద్ధులతో (పవీరవాన్) యుక్తుడు; అలాగే యుద్ధంలోనూ, శత్రుబలాన్ని నిరోధించే సమృద్ధులతో యుక్తుడు.
Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (सम्बन्ध-कर्ता; यः = ‘who’ introducing the subject)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जनान्people, men
जनान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक) < √जन् ‘to be born, beget’
महिषान्buffaloes, mighty bulls
महिषान्:
Karma (उपमान-रूपेण) / Karma (with implied comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootमहिष (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
— (उपमान-सूचक) / marker of comparison
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
आtowards, unto (prefix)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग)
तितस्थौhas stood, took his stand
तितस्थौ:
Kriyā (मुख्य-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√स्था (तिष्ठति) with reduplication: ति-त-स्थौ
पवीरवान्possessing a pavīra (protective/defensive covering; armour-like)
पवीरवान्:
Kartā (विशेषणम् of यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootपवीरवत् (प्रातिपदिक; -वत् ‘possessing’) < पवीर
उतand also
उत:
— (समुच्चय/अन्वादेश) / connective
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
अपवीरवान्possessing apavīra (without/away-from pavīra; unarmoured or with counter-covering)
अपवीरवान्:
Kartā (विशेषणम् of यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootअपवीरवत् (प्रातिपदिक; -वत् ‘possessing’) < अपवीर
युधाin battle, by fighting
युधा:
Karaṇa (means/circumstance of action)
TypeNoun (used adverbially)
Rootयुध् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाव-रूप; instr. of युध् ‘battle’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free Google sign-in keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.