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Valmiki Ramayana 2.65.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 65, Shloka 4

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चषष्टितमः सर्गः · Daśaratha’s Death Discovered in the Palace

Morning Rites Turn to Lament

Setting: अयोध्या-राजप्रासादः (सभामण्डप/अन्तःपुर-समीपः)Places named: राजकुल (अर्थतः)

ततस्तु स्तुवतां तेषां सूतानां पाणिवादकाः ।

अपदानान्युदाहृत्य पाणिवादा नवादयन् ॥४॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.65.4

tatas tu stuvatāṁ teṣāṁ sūtānāṁ pāṇivādakāḥ |

apadānāny udāhṛtya pāṇivādā navādayan ||4||

అప్పుడు ఆ సూతులు స్తుతించుచుండగా, పాణివాదకులు రాజుని ఖ్యాతిగాంచిన కీర్తికథలను ఉద్ఘాటించి లయబద్ధంగా చప్పట్ల నాదమును మ్రోగించిరి।

ततःthen
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देश/काल-निर्देशक (then/thereupon)
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रम)
तुthen/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक (but/and then)
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध)
स्तुवताम्of those praising
स्तुवताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्तु (धातु) → स्तुवत् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
Formशतृ-कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति; बहुवचन; सूतानाम् इति विशेषणम्
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति; बहुवचन
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
सूतानाम्of the bards
सूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति; बहुवचन
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
पाणिवादकाःhand-clappers
पाणिवादकाः:
TypeNoun
Rootपाणि + वादक (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; बहुवचन
RoleKarta (कर्ता)
CompoundTatpurusha
अपदानानिdeeds/episodes
अपदानानि:
TypeNoun
Rootअपदान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; बहुवचन
RoleKarma (कर्म)
उदाहृत्यhaving cited
उदाहृत्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउद् + आ + हृ (धातु) → उदाहृत्य (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभावरूप कृदन्त (gerund/absolutive): having cited/mentioned
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध/पूर्वकालिक क्रिया)
पाणिवादाःhand-claps
पाणिवादाः:
TypeNoun
Rootपाणि + वाद (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; बहुवचन
RoleKarma (कर्म)
CompoundTatpurusha
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेधार्थक (negation particle)
RoleSambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
अवादयन्made resound/clapped
अवादयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव + वद् (धातु) → अवादय (णिच्) (तिङन्त)
Formलङ्-लकार; प्रथम-पुरुष; बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोगः (causative: made sound/played)
RoleKriya (क्रिया)
  • अपदानान्युदाहृत्य→अपदानानि+उदाहृत्य
  • नवादयन्→न+अवादयन्

While the bards sang the praise of the king, those who praise clapping their palms clapped, citing the wonderful deeds of Dasaratha.

राज्ञः यशः धर्मकर्मणां स्मारकं; कीर्तिगानं समाजे आदर्श-स्थापनाय साधनम्।

Ethical theme
राजधर्म/सांस्कृतिक-परम्परा

ताल-युक्त-कीर्तनं मनः-एकाग्रतायै; शुभ-श्रवणेन चित्त-प्रसादः।

Form of praise
Stuti (a hymn of praise)
Rasa
Vira (heroism), with Adbhuta (wonder)
Mood
तालबद्ध, कीर्तिमय, उत्सव

Themes

  • Itihasa
  • Maryada
  • Dharma

S
sūta (bards/panegyrists)
R
rājā (Daśaratha, implied)

FAQs

Dharma is supported by remembrance of worthy deeds: public recitation of a ruler’s apadāna functions as moral education and social validation of righteous kingship.

Court performers accompany bardic praise with rhythmic clapping, recounting notable deeds in a celebratory palace setting.

Gratitude and civic admiration—preserving a ruler’s reputation through collective performance and recollection.

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