Valmiki Ramayana 2.117.3 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 117, Shloka 3

अत्र्याश्रमगमनम् तथा अनसूयोपदेशः

Arrival at Atri’s Hermitage and Anasuya’s Counsel

Devanagari script

स्कन्धावारनिवेशेन तेन तस्य महात्मनः।हयहस्तिकरीषैश्च उपमर्दः कृतो भृशम्।।।।

Transliteration

skandhāvāraniveśena tena tasya mahātmanaḥ |

hayahastikarīṣaiś ca upamardaḥ kṛto bhṛśam ||

Translation

ఆ మహాత్ముడు భరతుని సైన్యం అక్కడ శిబిరం వేసినందున, గుర్రాలు మరియు ఏనుగుల విసర్జనలతో, అలాగే త్రొక్కివేత వల్ల ఆ స్థలం అత్యంత మురికిగా, చెడిపోయింది.

Word by Word

• skandhāvāra-niveśena: by the encampment of the army
• skandhāvāra-niveśena: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: skandhāvāra (प्रातिपदिक) + niveśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; समासः स्कन्धावारस्य निवेशः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• tena: by that
• tena: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, एकवचन

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• mahātmanaḥ: of the great-souled one
• mahātmanaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः महा+आत्मन्

• haya-hasti-karīṣaiḥ: with horse- and elephant-dung
• haya-hasti-karīṣaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: haya (प्रातिपदिक) + hasti (प्रातिपदिक) + karīṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; समासः हयानां हस्तिनां च करीषम् (द्वन्द्व-पूर्वपद + तत्पुरुष)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• upamardaḥ: defilement/filth, trampling
• upamardaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: upamarda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• kṛtaḥ: was made
• kṛtaḥ: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + kṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive sense)

• bhṛśam: exceedingly
• bhṛśam: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhṛśam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; परिमाणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (intensifier)

Context

Due to the encampment of the army of the magnanimous Bharata (here), this place has been filled with the dung of horses and elephants and made exceedingly dirty.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Horses
• Elephants

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Indirectly, it highlights the worldly impact of royal power and movement; dharma in governance includes responsibility for the effects of one’s retinue on sacred or inhabited places.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration describes the physical aftermath of Bharata’s army encampment—setting the scene and emphasizing the scale of the royal presence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

No single virtue is foregrounded; the verse functions as realistic scene-setting, contrasting spiritual forest life with the disturbances caused by large armies.