Rig Veda 9.41.2 — Mandala 9, Sukta 41, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.41

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (as guide across difficulty)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सुवितस्य मनामहेऽति सेतुं दुराव्यम् । साह्वांसो दस्युमव्रतम् ॥

Transliteration

suvitásya manāmahe ’tí sétuṃ durā́vyam | sā́hvāṃso dásyum avratám ||

Translation

We take our thought toward the good passage and cross beyond the hard-to-pass bridge; as conquerors we overcome the lawless dasyu within—the power that refuses the true working.

Word by Word

• सुवितस्य: of good passage/fortune
• सुवितस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation) — ‘of good passage/fortune’
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुवित (प्रातिपदिक; सु-√इ ‘गमन/प्राप्ति’ > ‘सुगमन/कल्याण-मार्ग/सौभाग्य’)

• मनामहे: we seek/long for, we desire
• मनामहे: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया); कर्ता = वयम् (अध्याहृत)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मन् (मनुते/मन्यते ‘to think, to deem, to desire’; RV में ‘to seek/long for’)

• अति: across, beyond
• अति: उपपद/क्रियाविशेषण (गमन/अतिक्रमण-भाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• सेतुम्: bridge, causeway
• सेतुम्: कर्म (अति + गमन/अतिक्रमण का लक्ष्य) — ‘across the bridge’
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेतु (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुराव्यम्: hard to cross/overcome
• दुराव्यम्: विशेषण (कर्म का)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुराव्य (प्रातिपदिक; दुर्- + अव्य/अव ‘to be reached/attained’ → ‘hard to reach/pass’)

• साह्वांसः: the overpowering (victorious) ones
• साह्वांसः: कर्तृ (द्वितीय पाद का कर्ता) — ‘the overpowering ones’
• Type: Adjective (used substantively) / Participle
• Root: साह्वांस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √सह् ‘to overcome, to be victorious’ → ‘conquering/overpowering’)

• दस्युम्: the Dasyu (hostile foe)
• दस्युम्: कर्म (हनन/दमन का लक्ष्य; क्रिया अध्याहृत)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अव्रतम्: lawless, without sacred observance
• अव्रतम्: विशेषण (कर्म का)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-व्रत (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-समास ‘without vow/rite, lawless’)