Rig Veda 9.2.10: Mandala 9, Sukta 2, Mantra 10

Sukta 9.2

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional)

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

गोषा इन्दो नृषा अस्यश्वसा वाजसा उत । आत्मा यज्ञस्य पूर्व्यः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.2.10

Transliteration

goṣā́ indo nṛṣā́ asy aśvasā́ vājásā́ uta | ātmā́ yajñásya pū́rvyaḥ ||

Translation

O Indu, thou art the giver of rays, the giver of the true manhood, the giver of the swift life-force and the plenitude of power; thou art the ancient Self of the sacrifice—the inmost essence that makes the inner offering effective.

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Word by Word

• गो॒षाः: abounding in cows; cow-winning
• गो॒षाः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—इन्दोः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गो-षा (प्रातिपदिक; गो ‘cow’ + -षा ‘possessing/abounding’)

• इन्दो: O Indu (Soma)
• इन्दो: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन-प्रयोगः)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)

• नृ॒षाः: abounding in men/warriors; man-winning
• नृ॒षाः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—इन्दोः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नृ-षा (प्रातिपदिक; नृ ‘man’ + -षा ‘possessing/abounding’)

• अस्य: of him/this (of you/this Soma)
• अस्य: Sambandha (षष्ठी—सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्व॒साः: horse-winning; bringing horses
• अश्व॒साः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—इन्दोः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अश्व-सा (प्रातिपदिक; अश्व ‘horse’ + -सा ‘winning/bringing’)

• वा॒ज॒साः: prize-winning; bringing strength/booty
• वा॒ज॒साः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—इन्दोः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाज-सा (प्रातिपदिक; वाज ‘prize/strength/food’ + -सा ‘winning/bringing’)

• उ॒त: and; also
• उ॒त: — (समुच्चय/अधिकरण-निपातः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात/अव्यय)

• आ॒त्मा: the self; essence
• आ॒त्मा: Kartā (सम्बन्ध-वाक्ये मुख्यपदम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• य॒ज्ञस्य॑: of the sacrifice
• य॒ज्ञस्य॑: Sambandha (षष्ठी—सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• पू॒र्व्यः: ancient; primeval
• पू॒र्व्यः: Kartā (विशेषणम्—आत्मा)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ancient, primeval’)