Atharva Veda 1.14.3: Kanda 1, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 14, Mantra 3

Sukta 14

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ए॒षा ते॑ कुल॒पा रा॑ज॒न् तामु॑ ते॒ परि॑ दद्मसि । ज्योक् पि॒तृष्वा॑साता॒ आ शी॒र्ष्णः स॒मोप्या॑त्

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 1.14.3

IAST Transliteration

eṣā́ te kulapā́ rā́jan tām u te pári dadmasi | jyók pitṛ́ṣvāsātā́ ā́ śīrṣṇáḥ sám úpa yā́t ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

This, O King, is thy Clan-Protector: her, even her, we set about thee. Long time, with the Fathers’ sisters, may she come hither and cleave upon thy head.

Translation

Wahai Raja, inilah pelindung-klenmu (kulapā); dia—ya, dia—kami letakkan mengelilingimu. Semoga dia, untuk waktu yang panjang, bersama saudari-saudari para Leluhur (pitṛ), datang ke mari dan melekat pada ubun-ubunmu.

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Word by Word

• एषा: this (woman/thing), she
• एषा: कर्तृ (वाक्य-कर्ता/निर्देशक)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: to you / your
• ते: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• कुलपा: protectress/guardian of the household
• कुलपा: कर्तृ (एषा इत्यस्य विशेषण/समाना-धिकरण)
• Type: Noun (title/epithet)
• Root: कुलपा (प्रातिपदिक; कुल + पा ‘पालक/रक्षक’)

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ताम्: her / that (woman)
• ताम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उ: indeed, and
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (particle)
• Root: उ (निपात)

• ते: to you
• ते: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around; forth (as preverb)
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• दद्मसि: we give / we bestow
• दद्मसि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (दाने)

• ज्योक्: for a long time; continually
• ज्योक्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ज्योक् (अव्यय)

• पितृष्वासाता: the paternal aunt
• पितृष्वासाता: कर्तृ (आगमन-क्रियायाः कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ-स्वसा (समास; ‘father’s sister’)

• आ: towards, hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• शीर्ष्णः: of the head; up to the head
• शीर्ष्णः: सम्बन्ध (अधः ‘सम्-उप-या’ इत्यस्य सीमासूचकः: ‘up to the head’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शीर्षन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together; completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग)

• उप: near; up to
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग)

• यात्: may (she) go/come; let (her) proceed
• यात्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (गत्यर्थे)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (specific ṛṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī for this early hymn; often treated as Atharvan/Angiras-type domestic seer)

Devata: Kulapā (personified clan-protectress charm/guardian power), with ancillary appeal to paternal-kin female protectresses (pitṛṣvāsā)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (4×8 syllables; with Atharvanic flexibility)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: shanta