Arthashastra 3.13.30 - Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 13, Sutra 30

Kautilya

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Arthashastra 3.13.30: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 13, Sutra 30

Devanagari script

सकृदात्माधाता निष्पतितः सीदेत्द्विरन्येनाहितकः सकृदुभौ परविषयाभिमुखौ ॥

Transliteration

sakṛdātmādhātā niṣpatitaḥ sīdet dvir anyenāhitakaḥ sakṛd ubhau paraviṣayābhimukhau

Translation

Bagi golongan profesional mahir dan perkhidmatan—tukang, pengrajin, penghibur, tabib, penutur/peguam profesional, pembantu dan seumpamanya—upah hendaklah pada kadar yang orang lain daripada jenis yang sama akan lakukan, atau sebagaimana dinilai sesuai oleh pakar yang kompeten.

Word by Word

सकृत्once; a single time

आत्माधाताthe one who himself makes the deposit/sets the stake

निष्पतितःhaving come forth; having entered (the action)

सीदेत्should be made to lose / should be at a disadvantage

द्विःtwice

अन्येनby another (person)

आहितकःthe one who has deposited/placed (the stake)

सकृत्once

उभौboth (of them)

परविषयाभिमुखौboth facing toward the other side/another’s sphere

Entities Mentioned

ātma-ādhātā (self-pledger)

āhitaka (person pledged by another)

paraviṣaya (other territory)

FAQs

What governance problem is being addressed by mentioning ‘paraviṣaya’ (another territory)?

Flight across jurisdictions undermines enforcement; Kautilya anticipates cross-border evasion and prescribes immediate restraint/controls when a pledged person attempts to leave the ruler’s territory.

What is the administrative intent behind regulating repeated pledging?

To prevent exploitation/trafficking-like repeated transfers and to preserve clarity of obligation and liability in pledged-service arrangements.

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