Rig Veda 7.10.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 10, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.10

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Agni (depicted in dawn-like radiance; possibly Agni as morning kindling)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उषो न जारः पृथु पाजो अश्रेद्दविद्युतद्दीद्यच्छोशुचानः । वृषा हरिः शुचिरा भाति भासा धियो हिन्वान उशतीरजीगः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.10.1

Transliteration

uṣó na jāráḥ pṛthú pā́jo aśret davídyutat dī́dyac chośucānáḥ | vṛ́ṣā hár iḥ śucírā́ bhāti bhāsā́ dhíyo hinvāná uśatī́r ajīgar ||

Translation

Seperti kekasih Fajar (Uṣas), ia membentangkan kemilauannya yang luas; berkilat, menyala, ia membakar dalam cahaya-diri. Sang jantan keemasan yang kuat bersinar dengan sinar yang murni; menggerakkan pikiran-pikiran maju, ia membangunkan daya-daya yang merindu.

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Word by Word

• उषो: O Dawn / the Dawn
• उषो: सम्बोधन (address) / विषय-निर्देश
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्-

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• जारः: a lover, wooer
• जारः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: जार-

• पृथु: broad, wide
• पृथु: कर्तृ (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृथु-

• पाजः: brightness, radiance, splendor
• पाजः: कर्तृ/विशेष्य (उपमान-वर्णन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाजस्-

• अश्रेत्: leaned/advanced, came to rest (shone forth)
• अश्रेत्: क्रिया (कर्तृ=पाजः/जारः-उपमानः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रि (श्रयति) / Vedic aor. stem

• दवि-द्युतत्: flashing, glittering
• दवि-द्युतत्: क्रिया-विशेषण
• Type: Kṛdanta (participle) / Adjective
• Root: द्युत्- (√द्युत्) with intens./comp.

• दीद्यच्छोशुचानः: shining intensely, blazing
• दीद्यच्छोशुचानः: कर्तृ (same agent as main verb)
• Type: Kṛdanta (participle)
• Root: √दीद्/√द्युत् (intensive ‘दीद्य’), √शुच्

• वृषा: the bull (mighty one)
• वृषा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन्-/वृषा-

• हरिः: the tawny one; tawny steed/one
• हरिः: कर्तृ (वृषा इत्यस्य apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि-

• शुचिरा: bright, pure
• शुचिरा: कर्तृ (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि-

• भाति: shines
• भाति: क्रिया (कर्तृ=हरिः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भा

• भासा: with light, by radiance
• भासा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: भासा-

• धियः: thoughts, insights, hymns
• धियः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: धि-/धी-

• हिन्वानः: impelling, setting in motion
• हिन्वानः: कर्तृ (agent, ‘impelling’)
• Type: Kṛdanta (participle)
• Root: √हि (हिनोति) / √हिव् (Vedic)

• उशतीः: the desiring/joyful (f.) ones
• उशतीः: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उशती- (from √वश्/उश् ‘to desire’)

• अजीगः: sang/intoned; set in motion by song
• अजीगः: क्रिया (कर्तृ=हिन्वानः/हरिः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गै/√गा (to sing) with reduplication