Rig Veda 4.52.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 52, Mantra 5
Sukta 4.52
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn) (dominant in RV 4.52)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3×8 syllables)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्रति भद्रा अदृक्षत गवां सर्गा न रश्मयः । ओषा अप्रा उरु ज्रयः ॥
Transliteration
práti bhadrā́ adr̥kṣata gavā́m sárgā ná raśmáyaḥ | óṣā aprā́ urú jráyaḥ ||
Translation
Sebagai jawaban, kuasa-kuasa yang membawa berkah tampak nyata—laksana derasnya keluaran Sapi-Sapi Cahaya, laksana sinar-sinar yang dilepaskan. Uṣas (Fajar) telah memenuhi lintasan-lintasannya yang luas dan cepat, membuka jalan bagi gerak maju kesadaran yang lebih besar.
Word by Word
प्रतिtowards; in response; against
प्रति:
— (directional/relational particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (upasarga/avyaya)
भद्राःauspicious (ones)
भद्राः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootभद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अदृक्षतwere seen; appeared
अदृक्षत:
— (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (दर्शन) → aorist stem अदृक्ष-
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
सर्गाःstreams; outpourings
सर्गाः:
Kartā (in apposition to भद्राः)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक; from √सृज् ‘to send forth’)
नlike; as
न:
— (comparative particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (avyaya)
रश्मयःrays; reins (rays of light)
रश्मयः:
Kartā (comparand; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootरश्मि (प्रातिपदिक)
ओषाःDawn (Uṣā)
ओषाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootओषा (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic, ‘dawn/brightness’)
अप्राःunfilled; not yet satisfied
अप्राः:
Kartā (as qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्र (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic adj. ‘unfilled/unsated; not yet filled’)
उरुwide; broad
उरु:
— (qualifier)
TypeAdjective (indeclinable neuter used adverbially/qualitatively)
Rootउरु (प्रातिपदिक)
ज्रयःcourse; track; expanse (path)
ज्रयः:
Karma/Predicative complement (what Dawn is/has; ‘broad course/track’)
TypeNoun
Rootज्रय (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic noun)
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