Rig Veda 4.3.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 3, Mantra 1

Sukta 4.3

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for Mandala 4)

Devata: Agni (with Rudra-epithet/force invoked as king and hotṛ)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 4.3; verse-length and cadence fit the dominant meter of this section)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ वो राजानमध्वरस्य रुद्रं होतारं सत्ययजं रोदस्योः । अग्निं पुरा तनयित्नोरचित्ताद्धिरण्यरूपमवसे कृणुध्वम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.3.1

Transliteration

ā vo rājānam adhvarásya rudráṃ hotā́raṃ satyá-yajaṃ rodasyoḥ | agníṃ purā tanayitnór acittā́d híraṇya-rūpam ávase kṛṇudhvam ||

Translation

Majukanlah bagi kalian Raja dari persembahan (adhvara), daya-Rudra sebagai Hotar yang berkurban dengan benar bagi dua dunia. Jadikan Agni—yang purba, lahir dari daya-daya pemelihara—berwujud keemasan, menjadi pertolongan bagi kami, membangunkan bahkan yang tak tersadari.

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Word by Word

• आ: hither, towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• वः: for you; of you
• वः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• राजानम्: the king
• राजानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्

• अध्वरस्य: of the sacrifice (adhvara)
• अध्वरस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर

• रुद्रम्: Rudra
• रुद्रम्: Karma (apposition to राजानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र

• होतारम्: the Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
• होतारम्: Karma (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ

• सत्ययजम्: the true sacrificer
• सत्ययजम्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य-यज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘true’ + ‘sacrificing’)

• रोदस्योः: of Heaven and Earth
• रोदस्योः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; ‘heaven-and-earth’)

• अग्निम्: Agni
• अग्निम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि

• पुरा: formerly, of old
• पुरा: Adhikaraṇa (temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा

• तनयित्नोः: of the begetter/offspring (tanayitnu)
• तनयित्नोः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनयित्नु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘offspring/lineage’/‘begetting’ sense, Vedic)

• अचित्तात्: from the unperceived/unknown (state/source)
• अचित्तात्: Apādāna
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अ-चित्त (प्रातिपदिक; ‘unperceived/unknown’)

• हिरण्यरूपम्: golden-formed
• हिरण्यरूपम्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्य-रूप (प्रातिपदिक; ‘golden-formed’)

• अवसे: for help, for protection
• अवसे: Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘aid, protection’)

• कृणुध्वम्: make (him), establish; do
• कृणुध्वम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (करणे)