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Rig Veda 2.18.1: Mandala 2, Sukta 18, Mantra 1

Sukta 2.18

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava) (traditional for RV 2.18)
Devata: Indra (hymn context), with chariot imagery central
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

प्राता रथो नवो योजि सस्निश्चतुर्युगस्त्रिकशः सप्तरश्मिः । दशारित्रो मनुष्यः स्वर्षाः स इष्टिभिर्मतिभी रंह्यो भूत् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 2.18.1

prātā́ rathó návo yóji sásniś cáturyugas trikáśaḥ saptáraśmiḥ | dáśāritro manuṣyàḥ svàrṣāḥ sá iṣṭíbhir matíbhī raṃhyó bhūt ||

Saat fajar, kereta baru itu dipasangkan: berikat-harness, berempat kuk, bercemeti tiga, bertali-kendali tujuh; berdayung sepuluh, bersifat manusia, pemenang dunia surya. Dengan persembahan-persembahan kami dan dorongan-pikiran (mati) kami, semoga ia menjadi cepat membawa kami.

प्रातःin the morning
प्रातः:
अधिकरण (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रातः (avyaya; from प्रातर्)
रथःthe chariot
रथः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
नवःnew
नवः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootनव (प्रातिपदिक)
योजिwas yoked / has been harnessed
योजि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
सस्निःhaving a seat/back (well-equipped)
सस्निः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootसस्नि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘with a back/seat’, RV-lexeme)
चतुर्युगःhaving four yokes / four-harnessed
चतुर्युगः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर् + युग (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
त्रिकशःwith three whips (three-lashed)
त्रिकशः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि + कश (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
सप्तरश्मिःwith seven reins
सप्तरश्मिः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त + रश्मि (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
दशारित्रःwith ten oar-like parts / ten ‘aritra-s’
दशारित्रः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootदश + अरित्र (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
मनुष्यःthe man / the mortal
मनुष्यः:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्ध/समनाधिकरण; रथ-वर्णन-प्रसङ्गे)
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वर्षाःwinning light/heaven; bringing good radiance
स्वर्षाः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर् + सा/सन् (समास; प्रातिपदिक ‘स्वर्षा’)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इष्टिभिःwith offerings / oblations
इष्टिभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootइष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
मतिभिःwith thoughts / hymns / devotions
मतिभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootमति (प्रातिपदिक)
रंह्यःswift
रंह्यः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootरंह्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘swift’, RV)
भूत्became / was
भूत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू

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