Rig Veda 1.78.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 78, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.78
Rishi: Gotama lineage
Devata: Agni (with Indra-like epithet vṛtrahan applied to Agni as inner slayer of obstruction)
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तमु त्वा वृत्रहन्तमं यो दस्यूँरवधूनुषे । द्युम्नैरभि प्र णोनुमः ॥
Transliteration
tám u tvā vṛtra-hántamam yó dasyū́ṁr ava-dhūnuṣé | dyumnáir abhí prá ṇónumaḥ ||
Translation
Itulah Engkau kami seru, yang paling perkasa sebagai pembunuh Vṛtra, yang mengguncang dan menyingkirkan para dasyu—daya-daya penghalang; dengan daya-daya bercahaya kami menggerakkan-Mu maju di dalam diri kami.
Word by Word
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उindeed / and
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वृत्रहन्तमम्the most Vṛtra-slaying (best slayer of Vṛtra)
वृत्रहन्तमम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (superlative epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (वृत्र + हन्)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (संबन्ध-सर्वनाम)
दस्यून्Dasyus / hostile foes
दस्यून्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
अवधूनुषेyou have shaken down / smitten
अवधूनुषे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअव-धू (धातु: धू ‘कम्पने/धूनने’)
द्यु॒म्नैःwith splendors / with glorious powers
द्यु॒म्नैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootद्यु॒म्न (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards / upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
प्रforth / forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
नःour / for us
नः:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नोनुमःwe urge on / we impel (we press forward in praise)
नोनुमः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootनु (धातु: नु ‘प्रेरणे/स्तुतौ’), पुनरुक्त-परफेक्ट-रूपम्
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