Rig Veda 1.113.18: Mandala 1, Sukta 113, Mantra 18

Sukta 1.113

Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional)

Devata: Uṣas (with Vāyu and Soma as supporting powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

या गोमतीरुषसः सर्ववीरा व्युच्छन्ति दाशुषे मर्त्याय । वायोरिव सूनृतानामुदर्के ता अश्वदा अश्नवत्सोमसुत्वा ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.113.18

Transliteration

yā́ gómātīr uṣásaḥ sárvavīrā vyùcchanti dāśúṣe mártyāya | vā́yor iva sūnṛ́tānām udarké tā́ aśvadā́ aśnavat sómasutvā ||

Translation

Fajar-fajar itu—yang kaya sinar dan penuh daya-jiwa—menyingsing bagi insan fana yang memberi; laksana ujaran-ujaran luas Vāyu dalam gelombang yang terangkat. Semoga ia, melalui pemerasan Soma, meraih mereka—yang menganugerahkan tenaga-tenaga kuasa yang cepat.

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Word by Word

• याः: who/which (fem. pl.)
• याः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• गोमतीः: possessing cows, rich in cattle
• गोमतीः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोमत् (प्रातिपदिक; गो + मतुप्)

• उषसः: the Dawns
• उषसः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सर्ववीराः: having all heroes/men, rich in sons
• सर्ववीराः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्ववीर (प्रातिपदिक; सर्व + वीर)

• वि: apart, forth (prefix)
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• उच्छन्ति: they shine forth / dawn
• उच्छन्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस्/उष्? → उच्छ् (धातु: वस्/उष् ‘to shine, dawn’; RV present stem उच्छ-)

• दाशुषे: to the worshipper/giver
• दाशुषे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (participle used substantively)
• Root: दाश्वस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दाश् ‘to give, worship’)

• मर्त्याय: to the mortal
• मर्त्याय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• वायोः: of Vāyu
• वायोः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (निपात)

• सूनृतानाम्: of kind/true words, of gracious speeches
• सूनृतानाम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूनृता (प्रातिपदिक)

• उदर्के: in the later/upper (stage), at the conclusion (lit. ‘in the udarka’)
• उदर्के: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदर्क (प्रातिपदिक)

• ताः: those (fem. pl.)
• ताः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्वदाः: giving horses
• अश्वदाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: अश्वदा (प्रातिपदिक; अश्व + दा ‘giving’)

• अश्नवत्: attained/obtained
• अश्नवत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अश् (to attain, obtain, reach)

• सोमसुत्वा: the Soma-pressing (rite); by Soma-pressing
• सोमसुत्वा: Karma (object/means notion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोमसुत्व (प्रातिपदिक; सोम + सुत्व ‘pressing/press-rite’)