Valmiki Ramayana 2.94.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 94, Shloka 4

चित्रकूटवर्णनम् (Description of Chitrakūṭa) / Rama Shows Sita Chitrakuta

Devanagari script

पश्येममचलं भद्रे नानाद्विजगणायुतम्।शिखरैः खमिवोद्विद्धैर्धातुमद्भिर्विभूषितम्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.94.4

Transliteration

paśyemam acalaṃ bhadre nānā-dvijagaṇāyutam |

śikharaiḥ kham ivodviddhair dhātumadbhir vibhūṣitam ||

Translation

Wahai yang membawa berkah, pandanglah gunung ini: dipenuhi kawanan aneka burung, dan dihiasi puncak-puncak bermineral yang seakan menembus langit.

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Word by Word

• पश्य: see/behold
• पश्य: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative); परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person); एकवचन

• इमम्: this
• इमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; सर्वनाम; विशेषणम् (qualifying अचलम्)

• अचलम्: mountain
• अचलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अचल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; (शैल/गिरि-पर्याय)

• भद्रे: O gentle one
• भद्रे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन; एकवचन

• नानाद्विजगणायुतम्: abounding in flocks of various birds
• नानाद्विजगणायुतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना (अव्यय) + द्विज + गण + आयुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (नानाविधैः द्विजगणैः आयुतम् = 'abounding in groups of various birds'); विशेषणम् (qualifying अचलम्)

• शिखरैः: with peaks
• शिखरैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिखर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया; बहुवचन

• खम्: the sky
• खम्: Upameya (उपमेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• इव: as if/like
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमावाचक

• उद्विद्धैः: piercing/shot up
• उद्विद्धैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद् + व्यध् (धातु) -> उद्विद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); तृतीया; बहुवचन; पुं/नपुं समरूप; विशेषणम् (qualifying शिखरैः: 'as if piercing')

• धातुमद्भिः: with mineral-bearing (peaks)
• धातुमद्भिः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धातु + मतुप् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुं; तृतीया; बहुवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (possessive: 'having minerals'); विशेषणम् (qualifying शिखरैः)

• विभूषितम्: adorned
• विभूषितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + भूष् (धातु) -> विभूषित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying अचलम्)

Context

O auspicious one, you may behold this mountin abounding in flocks of birds of every kind and its peaks adorned wtih minerals and as if piercing the sky.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā
• mountain (Citrakūṭa implied)
• birds (dvija-gaṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A dharmic life can be sustained in simplicity: the forest is portrayed as a fitting setting for disciplined living, not merely as deprivation.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma points out the features of Citrakūṭa to Sītā, highlighting its beauty and suitability for their exile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Contentment and reverence for the natural order, aligning life in exile with calm, observant discipline.