Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 10

अयोध्यावासिजनानुरागः

The People and Brahmins Follow Rama toward Exile

Devanagari script

न च सन्तप्येद्यथा चासौ वनवासं गते मयि।महाराजस्तथा कार्यो मम प्रियचिकीर्षया।।।।

Transliteration

na ca santapyed yathā cāsau vanavāsaṃ gate mayi |

mahārājas tathā kāryo mama priyacikīrṣayā ||

Translation

Jika engkau hendak melakukan hal yang menyenangkan hatiku, bertindaklah sedemikian rupa agar Maharaja tidak tenggelam dalam duka setelah aku pergi menjalani vanavāsa di hutan.

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha (negation)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• santapyet: should grieve/be distressed
• santapyet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√tap (धातु; तप्)
• Form: Vidhiliṅ (Optative), Ātmanepada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana

• yathā: as/so that
• yathā: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā/Prakāra-avyaya (as/in such a way)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• asau: that (king)
• asau: Karta (कर्ता; subject of santapyet)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; demonstrative 'that/this (person)'

• vanavāsam: to forest-exile
• vanavāsam: Karma (कर्म; with gate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana-vāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; तत्पुरुष: vane vāsaḥ

• gate: when (I) had gone
• gate: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √gam (धातु; गम्)
• Form: Saptamī, Ekavacana; kta (past participle) in locative absolute with mayi: 'when I had gone'

• mayi: when I
• mayi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; part of locative absolute)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Saptamī, Ekavacana

• mahārājaḥ: the great king
• mahārājaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; subject of (asti) kāryaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā-rāja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; 'great king'

• tathā: thus/in that way
• tathā: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Prakāra-avyaya (thus/in that manner)

• kāryaḥ: should be treated/acted (towards)
• kāryaḥ: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (predicate adjective of mahārājaḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kārya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ कृ + ṇyat)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; 'to be done/treated (so)'

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• priyacikīrṣayā: from a desire to please (me)
• priyacikīrṣayā: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: priya-cikīrṣā (प्रातिपदिक; desiderative noun from √kṛ कृ: cikīrṣā)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; हेतौ तृतीया (instrumental of cause): 'out of desire to please'; तत्पुरुष: priyasya cikīrṣā

Context

If you desire to please me, act in such a way that the king does not grieve after I have gone to the forest.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha (Mahārāja)
• Forest exile (vanavāsa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes care for elders and parents: even while obeying exile, Rāma prioritizes preventing needless suffering for Daśaratha.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma instructs Sumantrā on how to behave on returning to the palace—so that Daśaratha is not overwhelmed by grief.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s compassion and filial responsibility—gentleness toward his father’s emotional state.