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Rig Veda 4.13.4: Mandala 4, Sukta 13, Mantra 4

Sukta 4.13

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Sūrya (and/or Savitṛ as solar power); the verse centers on solar rays driving out darkness
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable, based on book 4 style and verse cadence)

वहिष्ठेभिर्विहरन्यासि तन्तुमवव्ययन्नसितं देव वस्म । दविध्वतो रश्मयः सूर्यस्य चर्मेवावाधुस्तमो अप्स्वन्तः ॥

vahiṣṭhébhir vi-háran yāsi tántum ava-vyáyan ásitaṃ deva vásma | davídhvato raśmáyaḥ sū́ryasya cármevāvā́dhus támo apsv àntaḥ ||

अत्यन्त शक्तिशाली वाहकों के साथ तुम अग्रसर होते हो, नीचे की ओर तन्तु बुनते हुए; हे देव-तेज, तुम काले आवरण को उतार फेंकते हो। सूर्य की किरणें, प्रहार करती और चीरती हुई, अन्धकार को वैसे ही नीचे ढकेल देती हैं जैसे चर्म उतार दिया जाए—अन्तःस्थ जलों में।

वहि॑ष्ठेभिःwith the most powerful/most bearing (means)
वहि॑ष्ठेभिः:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootवहिष्ठ (वह् ‘to carry’ + -इष्ठ superl.)
वि॒हर॑न्moving about / ranging
वि॒हर॑न्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√हृ (हर्) ‘to take/carry’ (vi- + √हृ) → विहरन्त्
असिthou art
असि:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Root√अस् ‘to be’
तन्तुम्the thread / filament
तन्तुम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootतन्तु
अव॒व्यय॑न्weaving down / weaving
अव॒व्यय॑न्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√वी (वय्/वे) ‘to weave’ (ava- + √वी) → अवव्ययन्त्
असि॑तम्dark, black
असि॑तम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootअसित
देवO god
देव:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootदेव
वस्मa covering/veil
वस्म:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवस्मन्/वस्म (Vedic) ‘covering/garment; ash/dust’ (context: covering)
दवि॑ध्वतःof (him/it) shaking/brandishing
दवि॑ध्वतः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√धू (धुनोति) ‘to shake’ with vi- → विदिध्वत् (intensive/iterative) ‘shaking violently’
र॒श्मयःthe rays
र॒श्मयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootरश्मि
सूर्यस्य॑of the Sun
सूर्यस्य॑:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
चर्मa hide, skin
चर्म:
उपमान/कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मन्
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आवा॑धुःthey covered/warded off
आवा॑धुः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Root√वध्/√वृध् (Vedic) ‘to cover/ward off; to smite’ with ā- → आवाधुः
तमःdarkness
तमः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
अ॒प्सुin the waters
अ॒प्सु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (pl. ‘waters’)
अन्तःwithin, inside
अन्तः:
अधिकरण (भाव)
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootअन्तर्/अन्तः

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