Rig Veda 1.64.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 64, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.64

Rishi: Nodha Gautama

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ईशानकृतो धुनयो रिशादसो वातान्विद्युतस्तविषीभिरक्रत । दुहन्त्यूधर्दिव्यानि धूतयो भूमिं पिन्वन्ति पयसा परिज्रयः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.64.5

Transliteration

īśāna-kṛ́to dhúnayo riśā́daso vātā́n vi-dyútaḥ táviṣībhir akrata | duhánty ū́dhar divyā́ni dhūtáyo bhū́miṃ pinvanti páyasā pári-jrayaḥ ||

Translation

Souverains dans l’œuvre, les rugissants, dévoreurs de résistance, par leurs forces ont façonné les vents et les éclairs. Les puissances impulsantes traient les pis célestes ; tournant tout autour, elles gonflent la terre du flot d’abondance.

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Word by Word

• ईशानकृतः: lordly/sovereign-doers (mighty agents)
• ईशानकृतः: Viśeṣaṇa of धुनयः (kartā)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईशान- (ईश् ‘to rule’ > ईशान ‘ruling, lordly’) + कृत (कृ ‘to do/make’)

• धुनयः: the roaring/shaking ones (Maruts)
• धुनयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: धुनि- (from धुन् ‘to shake, roar’)

• रिशादसः: devourers of foes / harm-eaters
• रिशादसः: Viśeṣaṇa of धुनयः (kartā)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रिशादस्- (riśa- ‘harm, injury’ + अदस् ‘eating’ < अद् ‘to eat’)

• वातान्: winds
• वातान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात- (from वा ‘to blow’)

• विद्युतः: lightnings
• विद्युतः: Karma (co-ordinate with वातान्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्युत्- (from √द्युत् ‘to shine, flash’)

• तविषीभिः: with (their) powers
• तविषीभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: तविषी- ‘strength, might’

• अक्रत: they made / they set in motion
• अक्रत: (verbal predicate of धुनयः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (to do, make)

• दुहन्ति: they milk
• दुहन्ति: (verbal predicate; kartā = धूतयः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुह् (to milk)

• ऊधः: the udder
• ऊधः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊधस्- ‘udder’

• दिव्यानि: heavenly
• दिव्यानि: Viśeṣaṇa (of an implied neut. pl. object, e.g., ‘(waters/streams) heavenly’), or adverbial accusative ‘heavenly(ly)’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य- (from दिव् ‘heaven/shine’)

• धूतयः: the shaking ones / the impellers (Marut-hosts)
• धूतयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: धूति- (from धू ‘to shake’)

• भूमिम्: the earth
• भूमिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि- ‘earth’

• पिन्वन्ति: they swell / they make abound
• पिन्वन्ति: (verbal predicate; kartā = धूतयः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पिव्/पिन्व् (to swell, make abound, invigorate)

• पयसा: with milk/moisture
• पयसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस्- ‘milk; sap; moisture’

• परिज्रयः: the encircling runners / those who course around
• परिज्रयः: Kartā (apposition to धूतयः/धुनयः) অথবা viśeṣaṇa used substantively
• Type: Noun
• Root: परि-ज्रि/ज्रय- (from √ज्रि/√ज्रय ‘to run/drive about’; with परि ‘around’)