Atharva Veda Sukta 22
Kanda 19Anuvaka 3Sukta 2221 Mantras

Sukta 22

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (late book formulae; specific ṛṣi not securely assigned for these svāhā-items in many indices)

Devata: Recipient-class designated by the dative (here: ‘the lesser’ as a graded set); svāhā as ritual vehicle

Chandas: Not metrical in the strict sense; a short yajus-like offering formula

AV 19.22 est une litanie d’offrande tardive de l’Atharvaveda, composée de brèves formules de svāhā qui « acheminent » les oblations vers des classes de destinataires correctement hiérarchisées, empêchant toute mauvaise attribution et assurant une efficacité rituelle ordonnée. La séquence culmine dans l’affirmation explicite de la primauté du brahman — puissance sacrée et autorité sacerdotale comme principe suprême d’ordonnancement —, stabilisant ainsi prospérité, protection et préséance dans la vie rituelle.

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 19.22

Mantras

Mantra 1

आ॒ङ्गि॒र॒साना॑मा॒द्यैः पञ्चा॑नुवा॒कैः स्वाहा॑

Svāhā — avec les cinq premiers anuvākas des Aṅgirases.

Mantra 2

ष॒ष्ठाय॒ स्वाहा॑

Svāhā au Sixième.

Mantra 3

स॒प्त॒मा॒ष्ट॒माभ्यां॒ स्वाहा॑

Svāhā à la Septième et à la Huitième ensemble.

Mantra 4

नी॒ल॒न॒खेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Svāhā aux êtres aux ongles bleus.

Mantra 5

ह॒रि॒तेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Svāhā aux êtres verts.

Mantra 6

क्षु॒द्रेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Aux moindres — svāhā.

Mantra 7

प॒र्या॒यि॒केभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Aux successifs — svāhā.

Mantra 8

प्र॒थ॒मेभ्यः॑ श॒ङ्खेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Aux premières conques (śaṅkha) — svāhā.

Mantra 9

द्वि॒ती॒येभ्यः॑ श॒ङ्खेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Oblation — Svāhā — aux deuxièmes conques (śaṅkha).

Mantra 10

तृ॒ती॒येभ्यः॑ श॒ङ्खेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Oblation — Svāhā — aux troisièmes conques (śaṅkha).

Mantra 11

उ॒पो॒त्त॒मेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Svāhā à ceux qui sont proches du Très-Haut.

Mantra 12

उ॒त्त॒मेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Svāhā aux Très-Hauts.

Mantra 13

उ॒त्त॒रेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Svāhā aux Plus-Hauts.

Mantra 14

ऋ॒षिभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Svāhā aux Ṛṣi.

Mantra 15

शि॒खिभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Śikhibhyaḥ — svāhā ! (Svāhā aux êtres à la huppe, aux crêtés.)

Mantra 16

ग॒णेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Aux Gaṇas (aux troupes divines) — svāhā !

Mantra 17

म॒हा॒ग॒णेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

Aux grands Gaṇas — svāhā !

Mantra 18

सर्वे॒भ्योऽङ्गि॑रोभ्यो विदग॒णेभ्यः॒ स्वाहा॑

À tous les Aṅgiras, aux Gaṇas des connaisseurs — svāhā !

Mantra 19

पृ॒थ॒क्स॒ह॒स्राभ्यां॒ स्वाहा॑

À part — aux Deux Mille : svāhā !

Mantra 20

ब्र॒ह्मणे॑ स्वाहा॑

Au Brahman (la puissance sacrée) : svāhā !

Mantra 21

ब्रह्म॑ज्येष्ठा॒ संभृ॑ता वि॒र्याऽणि॒ ब्रह्माग्रे॒ ज्येष्ठं॒ दिव॒मा त॑तान । भूतानां॑ ब्र॒ह्मा प्र॑थ॒मोत॑ जज्ञे॒ तेना॑र्हति॒ ब्रह्म॑णा॒ स्पर्धि॑तुं॒ कः

Brahman est l’aîné : les puissances (vīryāṇi) sont rassemblées. Brahman, au commencement, comme le plus excellent, déploya le ciel. Parmi les êtres, Brahmā naquit vraiment le premier : qui, par ce Brahman, est digne de rivaliser avec Brahman ?

Frequently Asked Questions

It is an offering-litany that directs oblations to multiple recipient-groups in a ranked order, so the rite works cleanly and no offering is ‘sent’ to the wrong target.

Svāhā functions as the ritual dispatch-word for an āhuti: it marks the oblation as properly offered and carried to the recipient named in the dative.

It establishes a hierarchy: brahman (sacred power/speech and its personification) is declared eldest and unrivalable, which ritually supports authority, success, and freedom from contest or obstruction.

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