Rig Veda 1.53.7: Mandala 1, Sukta 53, Mantra 7

Sukta 1.53

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

युधा युधमुप घेदेषि धृष्णुया पुरा पुरं समिदं हंस्योजसा । नम्या यदिन्द्र सख्या परावति निबर्हयो नमुचिं नाम मायिनम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.53.7

Transliteration

yudhā́ yúdhám úpa ghéd eṣi dhṛ́ṣṇu-yā purā́ púraṃ sám idáṃ haṃsy ójasā | námyā yád indra sákhyā parāváti nibárhayo námuciṃ nā́ma mā́yinam ||

Translation

De batalla en batalla avanzas en verdad con fuerza audaz; ciudad tras ciudad aplastas con tu poder. Cuando, oh Indra, en la región lejana, por la fuerza de la amistad — dócil, que inclina — abatistes a Namuci el mago: así haces caer lo torcido.

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Word by Word

• युधा: with battle; by fighting
• युधा: Karaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: युध् (धातु) / युधा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)

• युधम्: battle, fight
• युधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध् (धातु) / युध्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘युध्’=युद्ध)

• उप: towards, near
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• घ: indeed, just
• घ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: घ (निपात)

• इद्: surely, indeed
• इद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद् (निपात)

• एषि: you go; you advance
• एषि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु ‘to go’)

• धृष्णुया: with boldness; daringly
• धृष्णुया: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: धृष्णु (प्रातिपदिक ‘bold, daring’)

• पुरा: formerly; before
• पुरा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा (अव्यय)

• पुरम्: a fort; stronghold
• पुरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुर्/पुर (प्रातिपदिक ‘fort, stronghold, city’)

• सम्: together; completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हंसि: you smite; you slay
• हंसि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु ‘to strike, slay’)

• ओजसा: with might; by strength
• ओजसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘strength, might’)

• नम्या: submissive; bendable
• नम्या: Kartā (of implied ‘are/ become’) / or Karma (as object of ‘nibarhaya’) contextual
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नम्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √नम् ‘to bend’ → ‘bendable/submissive’)

• यदि: if; when
• यदि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सख्या: friendship; alliance
• सख्या: Karaṇa/Adhikaraṇa (contextual: ‘by/through friendship’ or ‘in friendship’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सख्य (प्रातिपदिक ‘friendship, alliance’)

• परावति: in the far distance; in a distant region
• परावति: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: परावत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘far away, distant region’)

• निबर्हयः: you crushed; you overthrew
• निबर्हयः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: निबर्ह् (धातु; ni-√barh ‘to crush, press down, destroy’)

• नमुचिम्: Namuci (the demon)
• नमुचिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमुचि (प्रातिपदिक; demon-name)

• नाम: by name; namely
• नाम: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय/निपात)

• मायिनम्: the crafty; the deceitful (one)
• मायिनम्: Karma (as qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मायिन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘possessing māyā, crafty’)