Sukta 52
Mandala 10Sukta 526 Mantras

Sukta 52

Sukta 10.52

Rishi

Agni/Hotṛ persona (self-reflective hymn on becoming Hotṛ)

Devata

Viśve Devāḥ (All-Gods), with Agni as ritual agent implied

Chandas

Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

This short hymn is a self-reflective Hotṛ-initiation narrative in which Agni (as the priestly voice) asks the Viśve Devāḥ to instruct him in the correct ritual path, his due share, and the right way to convey the oblation. The Gods then “establish” him as havyavāha (oblation-carrier) who can traverse difficulties and properly shape the sacrifice with ordered measures, culminating in his enthronement as Hotṛ on the strewn barhis.

Mantras

Mantra 1

विश्वे देवाः शास्तन मा यथेह होता वृतो मनवै यन्निषद्य । प्र मे ब्रूत भागधेयं यथा वो येन पथा हव्यमा वो वहानि ॥

O All-Gods, instruct me so that here—when I sit down as the chosen Hotṛ for man—I may know. Tell me clearly my rightful share of the offering, and the path by which I may carry your oblation to you: the true way of the inner sacrifice.

Mantra 2

अहं होता न्यसीदं यजीयान्विश्वे देवा मरुतो मा जुनन्ति । अहरहरश्विनाध्वर्यवं वां ब्रह्मा समिद्भवति साहुतिर्वाम् ॥

I, the Hotṛ, have sat down—the more fit to sacrifice; the All-Gods and the Maruts impel me. Day by day, O Aśvins, the priestly act for you becomes kindling in the Word; and that kindling becomes your true offering—an ever-renewed flame of aspiration.

Mantra 3

अयं यो होता किरु स यमस्य कमप्यूहे यत्समञ्जन्ति देवाः । अहरहर्जायते मासिमास्यथा देवा दधिरे हव्यवाहम् ॥

This Hotṛ—who is he? I ponder even the mystery of Yama: for the Gods anoint and prepare him. Day by day he is born, month by month; thus the Gods established the Carrier of the offering—ever new in manifestation, yet one in essence.

Mantra 4

मां देवा दधिरे हव्यवाहमपम्लुक्तं बहु कृच्छ्रा चरन्तम् । अग्निर्विद्वान्यज्ञं नः कल्पयाति पञ्चयामं त्रिवृतं सप्ततन्तुम् ॥

The Gods established me as the Carrier of the offering—unfaltering, moving through many difficulties. Agni, the Knower, fashions for us the sacrifice: fivefold in its movements, triple-woven in its form, seven-threaded in its continuity—an ordered work of consciousness.

Mantra 5

आ वो यक्ष्यमृतत्वं सुवीरं यथा वो देवा वरिवः कराणि । आ बाह्वोर्वज्रमिन्द्रस्य धेयामथेमा विश्वाः पृतना जयाति ॥

I will sacrifice to you for immortality and a hero-force, so that, O Gods, I may make wide room for you within me. I will set in my arms the thunder-power of Indra; then may all these battles be won—every struggle where Light must prevail over the resisting darkness.

Mantra 6

त्रीणि शता त्री सहस्राण्यग्निं त्रिंशच्च देवा नव चासपर्यन् । औक्षन्घृतैरस्तृणन्बर्हिरस्मा आदिद्धोतारं न्यसादयन्त ॥

Three hundred and three thousand, and thirty and nine—the Gods served Agni. They anointed him with the clarified light and spread the sacred seat for him; then indeed they made the Hotṛ sit down—establishing the priest-flame firmly in the field of the work.

Frequently Asked Questions

It is about Agni, speaking like a priest, asking the All-Gods to teach him the correct way to perform the sacrifice and then being established as the Hotṛ who carries offerings to the gods.

Because the hymn treats the sacrifice as something governed by the whole divine order; the “All-Gods” represent the complete set of powers that authorize and perfect the rite, with Agni acting as their ritual agent.

It describes the yajña as an ordered structure with multiple coordinated layers and continuities—ritual measures on the surface, and a deeper idea that the sacrifice must be properly arranged to work effectively.