
Sukta 10.140
Agni
Trishtubh (probable)
This six-verse hymn praises Agni as the wide-radiant, all-illumining power whose rays and strength establish victorious plenitude (vāja) in the worshipper. It asks Agni to expand among the people, enrich the sacrificer with wealth and effective will (kratu), and affirms that humanity in every age sets Agni in front for blessing, singing him as the divine, ṛta-bearing leader.
Mantra 1
अग्ने तव श्रवो वयो महि भ्राजन्ते अर्चयो विभावसो । बृहद्भानो शवसा वाजमुक्थ्यं दधासि दाशुषे कवे ॥
Agni, vast are thy glory and thy plenitude; thy flaming rays shine out, O all-illumining. O wide-radiant one, by thy force thou settest in the giver the vāja worthy of the hymn—plenitude of victorious energy, O seer.
Mantra 2
पावकवर्चाः शुक्रवर्चा अनूनवर्चा उदियर्षि भानुना । पुत्रो मातरा विचरन्नुपावसि पृणक्षि रोदसी उभे ॥
With purifying splendour, with bright splendour, with unfailing splendour thou risest upward by thy beam. As a son moving between the two Mothers, thou drawest near for our help; thou fillest both the worlds, Heaven and Earth.
Mantra 3
ऊर्जो नपाज्जातवेदः सुशस्तिभिर्मन्दस्व धीतिभिर्हितः । त्वे इषः सं दधुर्भूरिवर्पसश्चित्रोतयो वामजाताः ॥
O child of Energy, O knower of births, grow glad by our noble affirmations, set firm by our thought. In thee the impulsions are gathered together—many-formed, richly radiant, of varied help, born of the Delight.
Mantra 4
इरज्यन्नग्ने प्रथयस्व जन्तुभिरस्मे रायो अमर्त्य । स दर्शतस्य वपुषो वि राजसि पृणक्षि सानसिं क्रतुम् ॥
O Agni, glowing with aspiration, widen thyself with the peoples in us, O immortal, for our plenitudes. Thou shinest out with the visible beauty of thy form; thou fillest the winning will, the effective power of the work.
Mantra 5
इष्कर्तारमध्वरस्य प्रचेतसं क्षयन्तं राधसो महः । रातिं वामस्य सुभगां महीमिषं दधासि सानसिं रयिम् ॥
Thou art the fashioner of the sacrifice, the far-seeing one, the dweller in the greatness of abundance. Thou establishest the gift of delight—fortunate and vast—thou settest the mighty impulsion, the winning rayi, the plenitude of being.
Mantra 6
ऋतावानं महिषं विश्वदर्शतमग्निं सुम्नाय दधिरे पुरो जनाः । श्रुत्कर्णं सप्रथस्तमं त्वा गिरा दैव्यं मानुषा युगा ॥
Men have set Agni in front for the bliss—Agni who is full of Ṛta, mighty, seen by all. The ages of men, with their utterance, have sung thee, divine, wide-spreading, hearkening with awakened ear.
It praises Agni as the radiant divine fire who brings prosperity and victorious energy (vāja) and strengthens the worshipper’s effective will (kratu), while upholding Ṛta (cosmic order).
Because Agni is placed at the beginning of worship as the leading power of the rite—he receives offerings first and carries them to the gods, so he is established ‘puro’ (in front).
Vāja is victorious strength and plenitude that helps one succeed; kratu is the capable will or effective intelligence that makes the sacrifice and one’s work fruitful.