Arthashastra 3.13.30: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 13, Sutra 30

Devanagari script

कारुशिल्पिकुशीलवचिकित्सकवाग्जीवनपरिचारकादिराशाकारिकवर्गस्तु यथान्यस्तद्विधः कुर्याद् यथा वा कुशलाः कल्पयेयुस्तथा वेतनं लभेत ॥

Recitation with translationArthashastra 3.13.30

Transliteration

kāruśilpikuśīlavacikitsakavāgjīvanaparicārakādirāśākārikavargastu yathānyastadvidhaḥ kuryād yathā vā kuśalāḥ kalpayeyustathā vetanaṃ labheta |

Translation

Für die Gruppe der Fach- und Dienstleistungsberufe — Handwerker, Kunsthandwerker, Darsteller, Ärzte, professionelle Redner/Anwälte, Bedienstete und dergleichen — soll der Lohn dem entsprechen, wofür eine andere Person derselben Art die Arbeit verrichten würde, oder dem, was sachkundige Experten als angemessen festsetzen.

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Word by Word

• कारु-शिल्पिक-कुशीलव-चिकित्सक-वाग्जीवन-परिचारक-आदि-राशा-कारिक-वर्गः: the class/group consisting of artisans, craftsmen, performers, physicians, speakers-by-profession, attendants, and similar wage-earners
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ग
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; समासान्त-पद: वर्गः। पूर्वपदानि: कारु (कारीगर), शिल्पिक (शिल्पी), कुशीलव (नट/गायक), चिकित्सक (वैद्य), वाग्जीवन (वाक्+जीवन; वाणीजीविका/वक्ता), परिचारक (सेवक), आदि (इत्यादि), राशा (राशा/राशिक?—पाठभेद/दुर्लभ), कारिक (कारीक; कार्यकर्ता/कर्मकार), इत्येतैः निर्दिष्टः वर्गः

• तु: but/indeed (as for)
• Type: Particle
• Root: तु
• Form: निपात; विरोध/विशेषार्थे

• यथा: as/according to the manner in which
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारार्थे

• अन्यः: another/other
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषणम् (वर्गः इत्यस्य)

• तद्विधः: of that kind/similar to that
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विध
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘तद्’ इति सर्वनाम-पूर्वपद; अर्थः—तदृशः/तत्सदृशः

• कुर्यात्: should do/should arrange (i.e., should be set/regulated)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथम-पुरुष; एकवचन; धातुः कृ (करणे)

• यथा: as/so that/according as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारार्थे

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: निपात; विकल्पार्थे

• कुशलाः: experts/skilled persons
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: कुशल
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; ‘कुशल’ विशेषणं, अत्र ‘कुशलजनाः/विशेषज्ञाः’ इत्यर्थे

• कल्पयेयुः: should determine/arrange (would set)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॢप्/कल्प्
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथम-पुरुष; बहुवचन; धातुः कल्प् (कल्पने/व्यवस्थायाम्)

• तथा: thus/accordingly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा
• Form: अव्यय; तदनुरूपार्थे

• वेतनम्: wages/remuneration
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेतन
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; कर्मपदम् (लभेत् इत्यस्य)

• लभेत: should receive/obtain
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ्
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative); आत्मनेपदम्; प्रथम-पुरुष; एकवचन; धातुः लभ् (प्राप्तौ)

Entities Mentioned

• kāru
• śilpin
• kuśīlava
• cikitsaka
• vāgjīvin
• paricāraka
• kuśalāḥ (experts)

More Details

FAQs

How are wages determined for services where output is hard to measure?

Through comparators (what similar professionals receive) and expert assessment, functioning like an early standard for customary rates and arbitration.