Rig Veda 1.49.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 49, Mantra 1
Sukta 1.49
Rishi: Praskaṇva Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage)
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 1.49; verse-level metrical confirmation recommended)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उषो भद्रेभिरा गहि दिवश्चिद्रोचनादधि । वहन्त्वरुणप्सव उप त्वा सोमिनो गृहम् ॥
Transliteration
uṣo bhadrébhir ā́ gahi diváś cid rocanā́d ádhi | váhantv aruṇá-psava úpa tvā somíno gṛhám ||
Translation
Hỡi Uṣas (Bình minh), hãy đến cùng những năng lực cát tường, dẫu từ cõi sáng rực của thiên giới. Nguyện các sức lực đỏ rực (aruṇapsavaḥ) đưa Người lại gần, đến ngôi nhà của kẻ tìm cầu Soma trong chúng ta.
Word by Word
उषःO Dawn
उषः:
सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक) < √वस्/उष् (उष् ‘दीप्तौ/प्रकाशे’, उषस् ‘प्रभात’)
भद्रेभिःwith/through auspicious (ones/things)
भद्रेभिः:
करण (instrument/means) [सह-भावः]
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootभद्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
आhither, towards
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण (directional)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
गहिcome!
गहि:
क्रिया (आह्वान/आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गत्यर्थे)
दिवःof heaven
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘द्यौ/दिव्’
चित्even
चित्:
निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
रोचनात्from the shining realm/light
रोचनात्:
अपादान (source: ‘from’)
TypeNoun
Rootरोचन- (प्रातिपदिक) < √रुच् (दीप्तौ)
अधिfrom upon, from above
अधि:
क्रियाविशेषण/सम्बन्ध (locative-over sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वहन्तुlet (them) carry
वहन्तु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वह् (वहने)
अरुणप्सवःthe ruddy/rosy ones (dawn’s steeds/rays)
अरुणप्सवः:
कर्तृ (agents of ‘वहन्तु’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootअरुणप्सु- (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समासः: अरुण- ‘रक्त/अरुण’ + प्सु/प्सव् ‘रूप/आकृति/शोभा’ वैदिक)
उपtowards, near
उप:
क्रियाविशेषण (directional)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (object of ‘वहन्तु’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सोमिनःof the Soma-pressing worshipper
सोमिनः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: of the Soma-offerer)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसोमिन्- (प्रातिपदिक) < सोम- + -इन् (मतुप्/इन्-प्रत्यय: ‘possessing Soma’)
गृहम्house, home
गृहम्:
कर्म/अधिकरण (goal as ‘to the house’ with motion)
TypeNoun
Rootगृह- (प्रातिपदिक)
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