Atharva Veda 13.1.55: Kanda 13, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 1, Mantra 55

Sukta 1

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

स य॒ज्ञः प्र॑थ॒मो भू॒तो भव्यो॑ अजायत । तस्मा॑द्ध जज्ञ इ॒दं सर्वं॒ यत् किं चे॒दं वि॒रोच॑ते॒ रोहि॑तेन॒ ऋषि॒णाभृ॑तम्

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 13.1.55

IAST Transliteration

sá yajñáḥ prathamó bhū́to bhávyó ajāyata | tásmād dha jajñe idáṃ sárvaṃ yát kíṃ cedáṃ virócate róhitena ṛ́ṣiṇā́bhṛtam

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

That Sacrifice, first arisen—both what hath been and what shall be—was born. From it, indeed, was born all this, whatsoever here shines forth, brought hither by Rohita, the Seer.

Translation

Tế lễ (Yajña) ấy, khởi sinh trước hết—vừa là điều đã có vừa là điều sẽ có—đã được sinh ra. Quả thật từ đó mà sinh ra tất cả mọi điều nơi đây đang rực sáng hiển lộ, được Rohita, vị ṛṣi (tiên tri), mang đến.

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Word by Word

• सः: he/that (one)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञः: sacrifice, ritual
• यज्ञः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रथमः: first
• प्रथमः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• भूतः: having become; arisen
• भूतः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
• Root: भू (धातु) → भूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; क्त)

• भव्यः: auspicious; worthy; to be
• भव्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भव्य (प्रातिपदिक; √भू से ‘भवितव्य/भवनीय’ अर्थ-सम्बन्ध)

• अजायत: was born; came into being
• अजायत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (जनने)

• तस्मात्: from that
• तस्मात्: Apādāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ह: indeed
• ह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (निपात)

• जज्ञे: was born; came forth
• जज्ञे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (जनने)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सर्वम्: all, entire
• सर्वम्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: whatever
• यत्: Kartā
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• किम्: anything
• किम्: Kartā
• Type: Interrogative/indefinite pronoun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विरोचते: shines forth; is manifest
• विरोचते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + √रुच् (दीप्तौ)

• रोहितेन: by/with the Rohita (the ‘Red one’, often a solar/fiery being)
• रोहितेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रोहित (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋषिणा: by the seer
• ऋषिणा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)

• आभृतम्: brought; borne; procured
• आभृतम्: Karma
• Type: Past passive participle / Kṛdanta
• Root: आ + √भृ (भरणे) → आभृत (कृदन्त; क्त)

Attribution

Rishi: Rohita/ṛṣi complex (anukramaṇī-dependent).

Devata: Yajña as principle; Rohita as agent.

Chandas: Mixed; verify by scansion.

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta